From NER to Agents: Does Automated Prompt Engineering Scale to Complex Tasks?
Summary
- Automated prompt engineering with MIPRO can significantly improve performance in simpler tasks, but the benefits start to diminish as task complexity grows.
- Larger models seem to benefit more from MIPRO optimization in complex settings. We hypothesize this difference is due to a better ability to handle long multi-turn demonstrations.
- Unsurprisingly, the quality of the feedback materially affects the quality of the MIPRO optimization process. But at the same time, we still see meaningful improvements from noisy feedback, including AI-generated feedback.
Crafting good system prompts is one of the trickiest parts of working with language models — especially when you’re dealing with complex, multi-step tasks. Doing it manually doesn’t scale, and the results are often hit-or-miss. That’s where automated prompt engineering methods like MIPRO come in: they promise to optimize system prompts while handling the trial and error for you.
In this post, we put MIPRO to the test across a range of tasks — from simple named entity recognition (CoNLL++), to multi-hop retrieval (HoVer), to text-based game navigation (BabyAI), to customer support with agentic tool use (τ-bench).
We wanted to know… how well does automated prompt engineering hold up as task complexity increases?
What is MIPRO?
MIPRO (Multi-prompt Instruction PRoposal Optimizer) is a method for automatically improving system instructions and few-shot demonstrations in LLM applications — including ones with multiple LLM functions or calls.
MIPRO can optimize prompts across an entire LLM pipeline without needing fine-grained labels or gradients. Instead, it uses a Bayesian optimizer to figure out which instructions and demonstrations actually improve end-to-end performance. By combining application-aware prompt proposals and stochastic mini-batch evaluations, MIPRO can improve downstream task performance compared to traditional prompt engineering approaches.
MIPROv2 is the particular variant of this algorithm recommended by the authors of the DSPy library, but you don’t need DSPy to try it out. We’ve reimplemented a standalone version (around 200 lines of code). You can experiment with it using our TensorZero recipe.
Optimization Search Space
MIPRO searches over two key parts of a system prompt:
- Instructions: what the system message actually tells the model to do
- Demonstrations: a number of example inputs/outputs (i.e. few-shot examples)
To get instruction candidates, we prompt an LLM to rewrite the initial system prompt in ten different ways, aiming for diverse and semantically equivalent variants. For this post, we used OpenAI’s o1 model.
Instruction Generation Prompt Template
You are an expert in crafting high-quality instructional prompts for a few-shot learning agent. Your goal is to generate alternative instructions that improve clarity, efficiency, and effectiveness.
The agent will receive:
1. The instructions you are generating.
2. A set of demonstrations alongside your generated instructions.
When generating alternative instructions:
- Preserve essential content: Ensure that the new instructions convey the same core meaning as the reference.
- Enhance clarity and readability: Rephrase for better comprehension while keeping the language precise.
- Maintain necessary formatting: If the reference instructions specify formatting constraints, replicate them in your response.
- Optimize for usability: Ensure the new instructions help the agent generalize from demonstrations effectively.
- Be Creative: We are looking for the optimal instructions, so explore different ways to improve the instructions.
Below is the reference instruction template:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
{{ example_instructions }}
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
{% if example_schema is defined %}
Below is the JSON schema that specifies the variables available for instruction templates:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
{{ example_schema }}
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You can optionally include any property specified in the schema using minijinja syntax.
{% endif %}
{% if tools is defined %}
Below is a dictionary containing the tools available for use by the agent:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
{{ tools }}
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The keys of the dictionary are the tool names and the keys are a description of the tool.
You can optionally include any information about these tools if you think it will be helpful.
{% endif %}
Respond only with a JSON object in the following format:
{
"instructions": "..."
}
The "instructions" field should contain your refined version of the reference instructions.
To get a set of candidate demonstrations, we:
- Run the app with an initial prompt to collect behavior traces (observations and actions).
- Filter those traces based on task feedback (e.g. did the task succeed?).
- Randomly sample multiple sets of demonstrations from the good traces.
Optimization Procedure
The optimization loop is pretty straightforward:
- Pick a candidate instruction and set of demonstrations (randomly, but guided by a Bayesian optimizer).
- Format a system prompt using those choices.
- Run multiple episodes using the new prompt and collect feedback (e.g. accuracy, success rate).
- Score the batch based on feedback.
- Use the score to update the optimizer, improving its guesses for the next round.
Candidate System Prompt Template
Instructions:
{{ instructions }}
Demonstrations:
{{ demonstrations }}
After a fixed number of rounds, MIPRO returns the best-performing instructions and demonstration set for each function. Under the hood, it uses a Tree-structured Parzen Estimator — the same optimization approach used in the DSPy implementation.
Experiments
We explore two types of interactive environments to evaluate the MIPRO optimizer: single-turn and multi-turn environments. Either type of environment simulates specific tasks, offering distinct interaction models and feedback mechanisms for assessing the performance of MIPRO-optimized system prompts.
For each environment, we compare the performance of the MIPRO optimized system prompt to two baselines: a Zero-shot baseline using the example system prompt without demonstrations and a baseline with randomly sampled demonstrations (Random Demos).
Named Entity Recognition (CoNLL++)
Named entity recognition (NER) is the task of identifying and classifying entities (e.g. people, organizations, locations) in free-form text. We use the CoNLL++ dataset to set up a simple single-turn, single-function environment for automated prompt engineering. Environment feedback for this task includes Jaccard similarity and exact match scores computed against ground-truth references.
We observe that MIPRO optimization results in significant 140.1% and 43.4% relative increases over the Zero-shot and Random Demos baselines, respectively.
CoNLL++ — Original System Prompt
You are an assistant that is performing a named entity recognition task.
Your job is to extract entities from a given text.
The entities you are extracting are:
- people
- organizations
- locations
- miscellaneous other entities
Please return the entities in the following JSON format:
{
"person": ["person1", "person2", ...],
"organization": ["organization1", "organization2", ...],
"location": ["location1", "location2", ...],
"miscellaneous": ["miscellaneous1", "miscellaneous2", ...]
}
CoNLL++ — Example Demonstrations
DEMONSTRATION 1:
ENVIRONMENT:
" President Saddam Hussein stressed during the meeting Iraq 's keenness to maintain friendship and cooperation with Russia , " the papers said .
AGENT:
{
"person": ["Saddam Hussein"],
"organization": [],
"location": ["Iraq", "Russia"],
"miscellaneous": []
}
DEMONSTRATION 2:
ENVIRONMENT:
But it noted in a brief statement : " However , it is too early to say at this stage whether or not terms can be agreed . "
AGENT:
{
"person": [],
"organization": [],
"location": [],
"miscellaneous": []
}
DEMONSTRATION 3:
ENVIRONMENT:
Other larger activist groups include Earth First , The Land is Ours , Alarm UK and Road Alert .
AGENT:
{
"person": [],
"organization": ["Earth First", "The Land is Ours", "Alarm UK", "Road Alert"],
"location": [],
"miscellaneous": []
}
DEMONSTRATION 4:
ENVIRONMENT:
Flamengo 0 Juventude 1
AGENT:
{
"person": [],
"organization": ["Flamengo", "Juventude"],
"location": [],
"miscellaneous": []
}
.
.
.
CoNLL++ — Optimized System Prompt
Instructions:
You are an assistant tasked with performing a named entity recognition task on a given text. Identify all entities that fall into four categories: people, organizations, locations, and miscellaneous. Once identified, list them in the JSON structure below, ensuring each category has its own array. If no entities of a certain type are found, return an empty array for that category.
Please use this exact response format:
{
"person": ["Person1", "Person2", ...],
"organization": ["Organization1", "Organization2", ...],
"location": ["Location1", "Location2", ...],
"miscellaneous": ["Misc1", "Misc2", ...]
}
Include all relevant entities under the correct labels, and do not include additional information or text in your response.
Demonstrations:
DEMONSTRATION 1:
ENVIRONMENT:
Lierse 4 Charleroi 0
AGENT:
{
"person": [],
"organization": ["Lierse", "Charleroi"],
"location": [],
"miscellaneous": []
}
DEMONSTRATION 2:
ENVIRONMENT:
It will have no duty to contribute any taxes to Beijing , Tsang said .
AGENT:
{
"person": ["Tsang"],
"organization": [],
"location": ["Beijing"],
"miscellaneous": []
}
DEMONSTRATION 3:
ENVIRONMENT:
1. Peter Pieters - Tomas Post ( Netherlands ) 14
AGENT:
{
"person": ["Peter Pieters", "Tomas Post"],
"organization": [],
"location": ["Netherlands"],
"miscellaneous": []
}
DEMONSTRATION 4:
ENVIRONMENT:
Other larger activist groups include Earth First , The Land is Ours , Alarm UK and Road Alert .
AGENT:
{
"person": [],
"organization": ["Earth First", "The Land is Ours", "Alarm UK", "Road Alert"],
"location": [],
"miscellaneous": []
}
DEMONSTRATION 5:
ENVIRONMENT:
But it noted in a brief statement : " However , it is too early to say at this stage whether or not terms can be agreed . "
AGENT:
{
"person": [],
"organization": [],
"location": [],
"miscellaneous": []
}
DEMONSTRATION 6:
ENVIRONMENT:
Zaglebie Lubin 2 LKS Lodz 1
AGENT:
{
"person": [],
"organization": ["Zaglebie Lubin", "LKS Lodz"],
"location": [],
"miscellaneous": []
}
DEMONSTRATION 7:
ENVIRONMENT:
Poland and Cyprus drew
AGENT:
{
"person": [],
"organization": [],
"location": ["Poland", "Cyprus"],
"miscellaneous": []
}
DEMONSTRATION 8:
ENVIRONMENT:
Ambassador Robert Frowick , an American , heads the OSCE mission in Bosnia .
AGENT:
{
"person": ["Robert Frowick"],
"organization": ["OSCE"],
"location": ["Bosnia"],
"miscellaneous": ["American"]
}
DEMONSTRATION 9:
ENVIRONMENT:
12 - Todd Martin ( U.S. ) beat Younes El Aynaoui ( Morocco ) 6-3 6-2 4-6 6-4
AGENT:
{
"person": ["Todd Martin", "Younes El Aynaoui"],
"organization": [],
"location": ["U.S.", "Morocco"],
"miscellaneous": []
}
DEMONSTRATION 10:
ENVIRONMENT:
Standings :
AGENT:
{
"person": [],
"organization": [],
"location": [],
"miscellaneous": []
}
Multi-hop Retrieval (HoVer)
HoVer is a two-function environment providing a claim (i.e. a statement to investigate), a search engine, and feedback on how well an LLM agent can find information to verify the claim based on the titles of Wikipedia articles it retrieves.
In contrast to NER, the agent must implement two functions (policies) to complete the task. The first function (Generate Query) generates a search query given the claim and an evolving set of notes. The second function (Append Notes) generates summary notes for the Generate Query function and extracts the most relevant titles from the search results of the last query.
The environment feedback is a top-5 recall score of the set of titles proposed by the Append Notes function compared to a ground-truth set of titles.
We do not observe a significant difference in the performance of MIPRO when comparing to either of the baselines.
HoVer: Generate Query — Original System Prompt
You are a research assistant helping investigate the following claim:
"{{ claim }}"
Your role is to generate a focused and effective search query that will retrieve new, relevant evidence about the claim.
At each step, you will receive:
- A list of "New Notes" extracted from the latest round of retrieved documents.
- Your own previously generated queries, if any.
Use this information to guide what to search for next:
- Avoid repeating queries that have already been used.
- Consider what new facts or perspectives would help resolve the claim.
- Build on prior notes to deepen or expand the investigation.
Please return your next search query in the following JSON format:
{
"query": "your next search query here"
}
HoVer: Generate Query — Example Demonstrations
DEMONSTRATION 1:
SYSTEM:
{'claim': 'Two nuclear power plants were constructed by the agency. This agency also constructed WNP-1 and WNP-4.'}
ENVIRONMENT:
New Notes:
['']
AGENT:
Query:
agency responsible for construction of WNP-1 and WNP-4 nuclear power plants
ENVIRONMENT:
New Notes:
['WNP-1 and WNP-4 were part of a larger project initiated by the Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) to meet electricity demand in the Pacific Northwest.', 'WNP-1 and WNP-4 are specifically noted to be twin plants, with construction starting as part of the early 1970s additions to the original 1968 nuclear power plant plan.']
AGENT:
Query:
Washington Public Power Supply System role in constructing WNP-1 and WNP-4 nuclear power plants
ENVIRONMENT:
New Notes:
['The Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) was renamed Energy Northwest in 1998 and was created to produce at-cost power for Northwest utilities.', 'WPPSS is often referred to as "Whoops" due to its financial difficulties stemming from over-commitment to nuclear power projects in the 1970s.']
AGENT:
{
"query": "Energy Northwest WPPSS financial difficulties nuclear power projects history"
}
DEMONSTRATION 2:
SYSTEM:
{'claim': 'Bill Boyd is the chairman of the appliance company that operates the place Thomas Eje made his debut at.'}
ENVIRONMENT:
New Notes:
['']
AGENT:
{
"query": "Bill Boyd chairman appliance company Thomas Eje debut"
}
DEMONSTRATION 3:
SYSTEM:
{'claim': 'Bill Boyd is the chairman of the appliance company that operates the place Thomas Eje made his debut at.'}
ENVIRONMENT:
New Notes:
['']
AGENT:
Query:
Bill Boyd chairman appliance company Thomas Eje debut
ENVIRONMENT:
New Notes:
['Bill Boyd is the executive chairman of Boyd Gaming Corporation, which is a gaming and hospitality company.', 'Thomas Eje made his Las Vegas debut at the Suncoast Casino.']
AGENT:
Query:
Suncoast Casino ownership company appliance company Bill Boyd
ENVIRONMENT:
New Notes:
['The Suncoast Casino, where Thomas Eje made his Las Vegas debut, is owned and operated by Boyd Gaming Corporation, which is chaired by Bill Boyd.']
AGENT:
Query:
appliance company affiliated with Boyd Gaming Corporation Bill Boyd
ENVIRONMENT:
New Notes:
[]
AGENT:
{
"query": "appliance company operated by Boyd Gaming Corporation or Bill Boyd"
}
HoVer: Generate Query — Optimized System Prompt
Instructions:
You are an investigative research assistant focusing on the following claim:
"{{ claim }}"
Your task is to develop a precise, evidence-oriented search query that uncovers fresh insights and relevant data addressing this claim.
At each iteration, you will receive:
• 'New Notes' that summarize the latest round of retrieved documents.
• A record of any queries you have previously generated.
Use these details to decide your next query:
• Do not repeat any queries you have already used.
• Identify gaps in your current knowledge and seek new angles or data that could clarify the claim.
• Build on prior notes to refine or broaden your investigation.
Return your next search query in the JSON format below:
{
"query": "Your next search query here"
}
Demonstrations:
DEMONSTRATION 1:
SYSTEM:
{'claim': 'Two nuclear power plants were constructed by the agency. This agency also constructed WNP-1 and WNP-4.'}
ENVIRONMENT:
New Notes:
['']
AGENT:
{
"query": "agency responsible for construction of WNP-1 and WNP-4 nuclear power plants"
}
DEMONSTRATION 2:
SYSTEM:
{'claim': 'The incumbent of the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) won reelection to a second term in the Minnesota Attorney General election, 2010. The home city of the incumbent who won is Eagen, Minnesota is located in Dakota County.'}
ENVIRONMENT:
New Notes:
['']
AGENT:
{
"query": "Minnesota Attorney General election 2010 results incumbent re-election"
}
DEMONSTRATION 3:
SYSTEM:
{'claim': 'Casey Jr is a water play area across from the elephant version of the TriceraTop Spin. It is an aerial carousel-style ride located in Fantasyland at six Disney parks around the world.'}
ENVIRONMENT:
New Notes:
['']
AGENT:
{
"query": "Casey Jr water play area location Disney parks elephant TriceraTop Spin ride details"
}
DEMONSTRATION 4:
SYSTEM:
{'claim': 'The composer of The War Requiem and filmmaker Béla Bartók are not from the same country.'}
ENVIRONMENT:
New Notes:
['']
AGENT:
Query:
composer of The War Requiem nationality and Béla Bartók nationality
ENVIRONMENT:
New Notes:
['Béla Bartók was a Hungarian composer, pianist, and ethnomusicologist, confirming that he is from Hungary.', "Béla Bartók is regarded as one of Hungary's greatest composers, further establishing his nationality as Hungarian."]
AGENT:
{
"query": "composer of The War Requiem nationality"
}
DEMONSTRATION 5:
SYSTEM:
{'claim': 'Two nuclear power plants were constructed by the agency. This agency also constructed WNP-1 and WNP-4.'}
ENVIRONMENT:
New Notes:
['']
AGENT:
Query:
agency responsible for construction of WNP-1 and WNP-4 nuclear power plants
ENVIRONMENT:
New Notes:
['WNP-1 and WNP-4 were part of a larger project initiated by the Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) to meet electricity demand in the Pacific Northwest.', 'WNP-1 and WNP-4 are specifically noted to be twin plants, with construction starting as part of the early 1970s additions to the original 1968 nuclear power plant plan.']
AGENT:
Query:
Washington Public Power Supply System role in constructing WNP-1 and WNP-4 nuclear power plants
ENVIRONMENT:
New Notes:
['The Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) was renamed Energy Northwest in 1998 and was created to produce at-cost power for Northwest utilities.', 'WPPSS is often referred to as "Whoops" due to its financial difficulties stemming from over-commitment to nuclear power projects in the 1970s.']
AGENT:
Query:
Energy Northwest WPPSS financial difficulties nuclear power projects history
ENVIRONMENT:
New Notes:
[]
AGENT:
{"query": "Energy Northwest projects nuclear power plants construction timeline and issues"}
HoVer: Append Notes — Original System Prompt
You are an expert assistant helping to gather factual evidence for the following claim:
"{{ claim }}"
You will be shown search results from the latest query. These may contain relevant background, biographical details, event descriptions, or supporting facts.
Your task is to:
1. Extract **new, useful insights** that help evaluate the claim.
2. Ensure that each new note is **concise**, **fact-based**, and **non-redundant** with earlier notes seen in the conversation.
3. Identify and include the **titles** of the most relevant sources from which you derived the new notes.
Only include information that is directly relevant to the claim or helps resolve open gaps.
Please return your response in the following JSON format:
{
"new_notes": ["fact-based note 1", "fact-based note 2", ...],
"titles": ["title 1", "title 2", ...]
}
HoVer: Append Notes — Example Demonstrations
DEMONSTRATION 1:
SYSTEM:
{'claim': 'Two nuclear power plants were constructed by the agency. This agency also constructed WNP-1 and WNP-4.'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{'WNP-3 and WNP-5 | Washington Nuclear Project Nos. 3 and 5, abbreviated as WNP-3 and WNP-5 (collectively known as the Satsop Nuclear Power Plant) were two of the five nuclear power plants on which construction was started by the Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) in order to meet projected electricity demand in the Pacific Northwest. WNP-1, WNP-2 and WNP-3 were part of the original 1968 plan, with WNP-4 (a twin to WNP-1 and located at the same site) and WNP-5 (a twin to WNP-3, in similar fashion) added in the early 1970s.': 37.148563385009766, 'WNP-1 and WNP-4 | Washington Nuclear Project Nos. 1 and 4, abbreviated as WNP-1 and WNP-4 were two of the five nuclear power plants on which construction was started by the Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) in order to meet projected electricity demand in the Pacific Northwest. WNP-1, WNP-2 and WNP-3 were part of the original 1968 plan, with WNP-4 (a twin to WNP-1 and located at the same site) and WNP-5 (a twin to WNP-3, in similar fashion) added in the early 1970s.': 35.810813903808594, 'Nuclear power in Pakistan | As of 2017, nuclear power in Pakistan is provided by 5 commercial nuclear power plants. Pakistan is the first Muslim country in the world to construct and operate civil nuclear power plants. The Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC), the scientific and nuclear governmental agency, is solely responsible for operating these power plants. As of 2012, the electricity generated by commercial nuclear power plants constitutes roughly ~3.6% of electricity generated in Pakistan, compared to ~62% from fossil fuel, ~33% from hydroelectric power and ~0.3% from coal electricity. Pakistan is not a party to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty but is a member of the International Atomic Energy Agency. Pakistan plans on constructing 32 nuclear power plants by 2050.': 20.903573989868164, "Karachi Nuclear Power Complex | The Karachi Nuclear Power Complex or KNPC is located in Paradise Point, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. It consists of the Karachi Nuclear Power Plant (KANUPP) and the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission's Control & Instrumentation Analysis Lab (CIAL KARACHI). Two new nuclear power plants, KANUPP-2 and KANUPP-3, are also under construction at the site. When complete, the complex of civilian nuclear power plants will produce over 2000 MW of electricity. The International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards and inspects the complex. The plant is under construction by the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) and is financed by the IAEA, the China Guangdong Nuclear Power Group, the China National Nuclear Corporation, and the China Atomic Energy Authority.": 17.246278762817383, 'Anti-nuclear movement in the United States | The anti-nuclear movement in the United States consists of more than 80 anti-nuclear groups that oppose nuclear power, nuclear weapons, and/or uranium mining. These have included the Abalone Alliance, Clamshell Alliance, Committee for Nuclear Responsibility, Nevada Desert Experience, Nuclear Information and Resource Service, Physicians for Social Responsibility, Plowshares Movement, and Women Strike for Peace. The anti-nuclear movement has delayed construction or halted commitments to build some new nuclear plants, and has pressured the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to enforce and strengthen the safety regulations for nuclear power plants.': 16.214111328125, 'Nuclear power plant emergency response team | A nuclear power plant emergency response team (ERT) is an incident response team composed of plant personnel and civil authority personnel specifically trained to respond to the occurrence of an accident at a nuclear power plant.': 16.1566219329834, 'Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plant | The Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plant or Guosheng Nuclear Power Plant (國聖核能發電廠), Second Nuclear Power Plant (第二核能發電廠 or 核二), is a nuclear power plant in Wanli, New Taipei, Taiwan. The plant is currently the largest nuclear power plant in Taiwan, before the opening of the 2,700\xa0MW Longmen Nuclear Power Plant which is still under construction.': 15.923612594604492, 'Kaliningrad Nuclear Power Plant | The Kaliningrad Nuclear Power Plant (also referred as Baltic Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) or Baltiiskaya NPP, Russian: ) is a nuclear power plant under construction 13 km south-east of Neman, in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia. It is seen as a counter-project to the plan to build the Visaginas nuclear power plant in Lithuania and is considered not only as an energy, but also as a geopolitical project. In June 2013 the construction was temporary stopped for re-designing the project.': 15.649160385131836, 'Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant | The Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant was the first commercial nuclear plant for electric power generation built in Austria, of 3 nuclear plants originally envisioned. Construction of the plant at Zwentendorf, Austria was finished but the plant never entered service. The start-up of the Zwentendorf plant, as well as the construction of the other 2 plants, was prevented by a referendum on 5 November 1978. A narrow majority of 50.47% voted against the start-up.': 15.455254554748535, 'Juragua Nuclear Power Plant | Juragua Nuclear Power Plant was a nuclear power plant under construction in Cuba when a suspension of construction was announced in 1992 following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the termination of Soviet economic aid to Cuba.': 15.440937042236328}
AGENT:
New Notes:
['WNP-1 and WNP-4 were part of a larger project initiated by the Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) to meet electricity demand in the Pacific Northwest.', 'WNP-1 and WNP-4 are specifically noted to be twin plants, with construction starting as part of the early 1970s additions to the original 1968 nuclear power plant plan.']
Titles:
['WNP-1 and WNP-4', 'WNP-3 and WNP-5']
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{'WNP-3 and WNP-5 | Washington Nuclear Project Nos. 3 and 5, abbreviated as WNP-3 and WNP-5 (collectively known as the Satsop Nuclear Power Plant) were two of the five nuclear power plants on which construction was started by the Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) in order to meet projected electricity demand in the Pacific Northwest. WNP-1, WNP-2 and WNP-3 were part of the original 1968 plan, with WNP-4 (a twin to WNP-1 and located at the same site) and WNP-5 (a twin to WNP-3, in similar fashion) added in the early 1970s.': 49.69417953491211, 'WNP-1 and WNP-4 | Washington Nuclear Project Nos. 1 and 4, abbreviated as WNP-1 and WNP-4 were two of the five nuclear power plants on which construction was started by the Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) in order to meet projected electricity demand in the Pacific Northwest. WNP-1, WNP-2 and WNP-3 were part of the original 1968 plan, with WNP-4 (a twin to WNP-1 and located at the same site) and WNP-5 (a twin to WNP-3, in similar fashion) added in the early 1970s.': 48.27024841308594, 'Nuclear Implosions: The Rise and Fall of the Washington Public Power Supply System | Nuclear Implosions: The Rise and Fall of the Washington Public Power Supply System': 24.961925506591797, 'Nuclear energy in Austria | In the 1960s the Austrian government started a nuclear energy program and parliament unanimously ordered a nuclear power plant built. In 1972, the German company KWU began construction of the Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant boiling water 700\xa0MWe reactor. In 1976, two years prior to the nuclear power plant opening, the government began a program to educate its citizens on the benefits and safety of nuclear power. However, this campaign began a public discussion that led to large demonstrations against the Zwentendorf plant in 1977. On 15 December 1978, the Austrian Parliament voted in favor of a ban (BGBI. No. 676) on using nuclear fission for Austria’s energy supply until March 1998. This law also prohibits the storage and transport of nuclear materials in or through Austria. On 9 July 1997, the Austrian Parliament unanimously passed legislation to remain an anti-nuclear country.': 20.5729923248291, 'Galena Nuclear Power Plant | The Galena Nuclear Power Plant was a proposed nuclear power plant to be constructed in the Yukon River village of Galena in the U.S. state of Alaska. If it had been built in the projected time frame, it would have been the first non-military nuclear power plant built in Alaska to be utilized for public utility generation.': 20.460542678833008, "1999 Blayais Nuclear Power Plant flood | The 1999 Blayais Nuclear Power Plant flood was a flood that took place on the evening of December 27, 1999. It was caused when a combination of the tide and high winds from the extratropical storm Martin led to the seawalls of the Blayais Nuclear Power Plant in France being overwhelmed. The event resulted in the loss of the plant's off-site power supply and knocked out several safety-related systems, resulting in a event on the International Nuclear Event Scale. The incident illustrated the potential for flooding to damage multiple items of equipment throughout a plant, weaknesses in safety measures, systems and procedures, and resulted in fundamental changes to the evaluation of flood risk at nuclear power plants and in the precautions taken.": 20.39310073852539, 'Hanhikivi Nuclear Power Plant | Hanhikivi Nuclear Power Plant (Finnish: "Hanhikiven ydinvoimalaitos" , Swedish: "Hanhikivi kärnkraftverk" ) is a nuclear power plant proposed for construction on the Finnish Hanhikivi peninsula, in the municipality of Pyhäjoki. It is to house one Russian-designed VVER-1200\xa0PWR reactor, with a capacity of 1200\xa0MW. It was estimated that the reactor will supply 10% of Finland\'s energy demand by 2024.': 20.347938537597656, 'Energy Northwest | Energy Northwest (formerly Washington Public Power Supply System) is a United States public power joint operating agency formed by State law in 1957 to produce at-cost power for Northwest utilities. Headquartered in Richland, Washington, the WPPSS became commonly known as "Whoops" due to over-commitment to nuclear power in the 1970s which brought about financial collapse and the second largest municipal bond default in U.S. history. WPPSS was renamed Energy Northwest in November 1998. Agency membership includes 28 public power utilities, including 23 of the state’s 24 public utility districts.': 20.026744842529297, 'Nuclear power in Taiwan | Nuclear power in Taiwan accounts for 5,028 MWe of capacity by means of 3 active plants and 6 reactors, which makes up around 8.1% of its national energy consumption, and 19% of its electricity generation as of 2015. The technology chosen for the reactors has been General Electric BWR technology for 2 plants and Westinghouse PWR technology for the Maanshan Nuclear Power Plant. Construction of the Lungmen Nuclear Power Plant using the ABWR design has encountered public opposition and a host of delays, and in April 2014 the government decided to suspend construction.': 19.94230842590332, 'Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plant | The Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plant or Guosheng Nuclear Power Plant (國聖核能發電廠), Second Nuclear Power Plant (第二核能發電廠 or 核二), is a nuclear power plant in Wanli, New Taipei, Taiwan. The plant is currently the largest nuclear power plant in Taiwan, before the opening of the 2,700\xa0MW Longmen Nuclear Power Plant which is still under construction.': 19.90506362915039}
AGENT:
New Notes:
['The Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) was renamed Energy Northwest in 1998 and was created to produce at-cost power for Northwest utilities.', 'WPPSS is often referred to as "Whoops" due to its financial difficulties stemming from over-commitment to nuclear power projects in the 1970s.']
Titles:
['Energy Northwest', 'Nuclear Implosions: The Rise and Fall of the Washington Public Power Supply System']
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{'Energy Northwest | Energy Northwest (formerly Washington Public Power Supply System) is a United States public power joint operating agency formed by State law in 1957 to produce at-cost power for Northwest utilities. Headquartered in Richland, Washington, the WPPSS became commonly known as "Whoops" due to over-commitment to nuclear power in the 1970s which brought about financial collapse and the second largest municipal bond default in U.S. history. WPPSS was renamed Energy Northwest in November 1998. Agency membership includes 28 public power utilities, including 23 of the state’s 24 public utility districts.': 27.016536712646484, 'WNP-3 and WNP-5 | Washington Nuclear Project Nos. 3 and 5, abbreviated as WNP-3 and WNP-5 (collectively known as the Satsop Nuclear Power Plant) were two of the five nuclear power plants on which construction was started by the Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) in order to meet projected electricity demand in the Pacific Northwest. WNP-1, WNP-2 and WNP-3 were part of the original 1968 plan, with WNP-4 (a twin to WNP-1 and located at the same site) and WNP-5 (a twin to WNP-3, in similar fashion) added in the early 1970s.': 19.650218963623047, 'WNP-1 and WNP-4 | Washington Nuclear Project Nos. 1 and 4, abbreviated as WNP-1 and WNP-4 were two of the five nuclear power plants on which construction was started by the Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) in order to meet projected electricity demand in the Pacific Northwest. WNP-1, WNP-2 and WNP-3 were part of the original 1968 plan, with WNP-4 (a twin to WNP-1 and located at the same site) and WNP-5 (a twin to WNP-3, in similar fashion) added in the early 1970s.': 19.15118408203125, 'Kaliningrad Nuclear Power Plant | The Kaliningrad Nuclear Power Plant (also referred as Baltic Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) or Baltiiskaya NPP, Russian: ) is a nuclear power plant under construction 13 km south-east of Neman, in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia. It is seen as a counter-project to the plan to build the Visaginas nuclear power plant in Lithuania and is considered not only as an energy, but also as a geopolitical project. In June 2013 the construction was temporary stopped for re-designing the project.': 15.080524444580078, 'Cherokee Nuclear Power Plant | The Cherokee Nuclear Power Plant is an uncompleted energy project 10 mi outside of Gaffney, South Carolina, United States. In the early 1970s, Duke Power started construction on a three-reactor nuclear power plant at the site. However, the project stalled due to economic problems by the early 1980s, leading to the project\'s eventual abandonment. In 1987, the power plant was the site of an underwater film studio built by Hollywood director James Cameron, for the film "The Abyss".': 14.41318702697754, 'Nuclear energy in Luxembourg | The 1970s energy crisis led Luxembourg to briefly consider constructing a nuclear power plant. In 1972 RWE and the government negotiated a project to build a 1,200 MW nuclear reactor along the Moselle river near Remerschen. In 1974 there were already signs that there was little support for the project among public opinion. The opposition to the project grew, and became more organized, ultimately forcing the government to cancel the project at the end of 1977.': 14.27517318725586, 'Belarusian nuclear power plant | The Belarusian nuclear power plant is a multi-reactor nuclear power plant project in Belarus. Initial plans were announced in the 1980s, but were suspended after the 1986 Chernobyl disaster. The drive for the current project was fueled by the Russia-Belarus energy dispute in 2007. The project foresees construction of two nuclear reactors between 2016 and 2020, and probably two more reactors by 2025. The reactors would be supplied by Atomstroyexport and the plant would be located in the Astravets district, Hrodna voblast.': 14.223102569580078, 'GE Energy Financial Services | GE Energy Financial Services (EFS), a division of General Electric (GE) headquartered in Stamford, CT, provides financial and technological investment in energy infrastructure projects around the world. EFS is active within industries such as power generation and distribution, oil and gas, pipelines and storage, water, venture capital, and renewable energy. EFS portfolios include deepwater oil and gas exploration in Brazil and water pipeline projects in Jordan.': 13.806167602539062, 'Pro-nuclear movement | There are large variations in peoples’ understanding of the issues surrounding nuclear power, including the technology itself, climate change, and energy security. Proponents of nuclear energy contend that nuclear power is a sustainable energy source that reduces carbon emissions and increases energy security by decreasing dependence on imported energy sources. Opponents believe that nuclear power poses many threats to people and the environment.': 13.473708152770996, 'Clinch River Breeder Reactor Project | The Clinch River Breeder Reactor Project (CRBRP) was a joint effort of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (and a successor agency, the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA), and subsequently the U.S. Department of Energy) and the U.S. electric power industry to design and construct a sodium-cooled fast-neutron nuclear reactor. The project was opposed by President Carter.': 13.421460151672363}
AGENT:
{
"new_notes": [],
"titles": []
}
DEMONSTRATION 2:
SYSTEM:
{'claim': 'Bill Boyd is the chairman of the appliance company that operates the place Thomas Eje made his debut at.'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{"Boyd Gaming | Boyd Gaming Corporation is an American gaming and hospitality company based in Paradise, Nevada. The company continues to be run by founder Sam Boyd's family under the management of Sam's son, Bill Boyd (born 1931), who currently serves as the company's executive chairman after retiring as CEO in January 2008.": 14.677573204040527, 'Thomas Eje | Thomas Eje (born March 15, 1957) is a Danish actor and entertainer. Considered one of the most popular entertainers in Denmark, he trained at the Odense Conservatory of Music and as an actor at the Aarhus Theatre, and has appeared in musicals and been honored with the "Årets Dirch" at the annual Danish "Review of Revues", but is best known for his work with comedy trio Linie 3 together with Preben Kristensen and Anders Bircow, as well as for a number of one-man shows. On November 15, 2006 he made his Las Vegas debut at the Suncoast Casino, under the moniker "Tom Dane". After four years in Las Vegas he returned to Denmark, and Linie 3 held a successful comeback show followed by a tour.': 11.087860107421877, 'Sir John Boyd, 1st Baronet | Sir John Boyd, 1st Baronet Boyd (29 December 1718 in St Kitts, Leeward Islands – 24 January 1800 in Danson Hill) was a sugar merchant and vice-chairman of the British East India Company. He built Danson House, and was the first English owner of the Piranesi Vase.': 10.567840576171877, "Eric F. Billings | Eric Francis Billings (born 1954) is Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of FBR Capital Markets Corporation (NYSE: FBR). He has held this position since the company's formation in June 2006. He has also served as a director of the Company since June 2006. Billings is also the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of FBR Group, a position he assumed in April 2005. Prior to April 2005, Billings served as Co-Chairman and Co-Chief Executive Officer of FBR Group.": 10.336252212524414, 'Thomas Boyd, 6th Lord Boyd | Thomas Boyd, 6th Lord Boyd ("c". 1547–1611) was a Scottish noble and politician.': 10.245935440063477, 'Paul Fang | Paul Fang (), is the current Chairman and President of Midea Group. , a Fortune 500 company, and the largest producer of major appliances in the world.': 10.222805976867676, 'Ernest Boyd MacNaughton | Ernest Boyd MacNaughton (October 22, 1880August 24, 1960) was president of the First National Bank of Oregon (19321947), then chairman (19471960), president of "The Oregonian" publishing company (19471950), and president of Reed College (19481952). He is the namesake of the ACLU E.B. MacNaughton Civil Liberties Award.': 10.149892807006836, 'James Boyd, 2nd Lord Boyd | James Boyd 2nd Lord Boyd (c. 1469–1484), grandson and heir of Robert Boyd, 1st Lord Boyd being only son of Thomas Boyd, Earl of Arran, by Mary, eldest daughter of James II of Scotland, which Thomas was eldest son of the 1st Lord Boyd, but died while his father still lived, in about 1472.': 10.0921630859375, 'Bill Thomas | William Marshall "Bill" Thomas (born December 6, 1941) is an American politician. He was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from 1979 to 2007, finishing his tenure representing California\'s 21st congressional district and as the Chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee.': 9.874022483825684, 'Eje vial | The system of Ejes viales (singular: "eje vial", lit. "road axis") in Mexico City is a large network of wide arterial roads with coordinated traffic signals. They are mainly directed in one-way with a single lane going in the opposite direction used exclusively by public transportation. The network was set up during the presidency of José López Portillo in the 1970s. With the exception of the "Eje Central", a south-to-north "eje" passing through the Historic center of Mexico City, the "ejes" are numbered with cardinal directions, for example going north from the center: Eje 1 Norte, then Eje 2 Norte, and so forth. In addition to the Eje number and directional, the streets retain their individual names, with one "eje" thus consisting of multiple sequential individually named streets.': 9.851007461547852}
AGENT:
{
"new_notes": [
"Bill Boyd is the executive chairman of Boyd Gaming Corporation, which is a gaming and hospitality company.",
"Thomas Eje made his Las Vegas debut at the Suncoast Casino."
],
"titles": [
"Boyd Gaming",
"Thomas Eje"
]
}
DEMONSTRATION 3:
SYSTEM:
{'claim': 'Bill Boyd is the chairman of the appliance company that operates the place Thomas Eje made his debut at.'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{"Boyd Gaming | Boyd Gaming Corporation is an American gaming and hospitality company based in Paradise, Nevada. The company continues to be run by founder Sam Boyd's family under the management of Sam's son, Bill Boyd (born 1931), who currently serves as the company's executive chairman after retiring as CEO in January 2008.": 14.677573204040527, 'Thomas Eje | Thomas Eje (born March 15, 1957) is a Danish actor and entertainer. Considered one of the most popular entertainers in Denmark, he trained at the Odense Conservatory of Music and as an actor at the Aarhus Theatre, and has appeared in musicals and been honored with the "Årets Dirch" at the annual Danish "Review of Revues", but is best known for his work with comedy trio Linie 3 together with Preben Kristensen and Anders Bircow, as well as for a number of one-man shows. On November 15, 2006 he made his Las Vegas debut at the Suncoast Casino, under the moniker "Tom Dane". After four years in Las Vegas he returned to Denmark, and Linie 3 held a successful comeback show followed by a tour.': 11.087860107421877, 'Sir John Boyd, 1st Baronet | Sir John Boyd, 1st Baronet Boyd (29 December 1718 in St Kitts, Leeward Islands – 24 January 1800 in Danson Hill) was a sugar merchant and vice-chairman of the British East India Company. He built Danson House, and was the first English owner of the Piranesi Vase.': 10.567840576171877, "Eric F. Billings | Eric Francis Billings (born 1954) is Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of FBR Capital Markets Corporation (NYSE: FBR). He has held this position since the company's formation in June 2006. He has also served as a director of the Company since June 2006. Billings is also the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of FBR Group, a position he assumed in April 2005. Prior to April 2005, Billings served as Co-Chairman and Co-Chief Executive Officer of FBR Group.": 10.336252212524414, 'Thomas Boyd, 6th Lord Boyd | Thomas Boyd, 6th Lord Boyd ("c". 1547–1611) was a Scottish noble and politician.': 10.245935440063477, 'Paul Fang | Paul Fang (), is the current Chairman and President of Midea Group. , a Fortune 500 company, and the largest producer of major appliances in the world.': 10.222805976867676, 'Ernest Boyd MacNaughton | Ernest Boyd MacNaughton (October 22, 1880August 24, 1960) was president of the First National Bank of Oregon (19321947), then chairman (19471960), president of "The Oregonian" publishing company (19471950), and president of Reed College (19481952). He is the namesake of the ACLU E.B. MacNaughton Civil Liberties Award.': 10.149892807006836, 'James Boyd, 2nd Lord Boyd | James Boyd 2nd Lord Boyd (c. 1469–1484), grandson and heir of Robert Boyd, 1st Lord Boyd being only son of Thomas Boyd, Earl of Arran, by Mary, eldest daughter of James II of Scotland, which Thomas was eldest son of the 1st Lord Boyd, but died while his father still lived, in about 1472.': 10.0921630859375, 'Bill Thomas | William Marshall "Bill" Thomas (born December 6, 1941) is an American politician. He was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from 1979 to 2007, finishing his tenure representing California\'s 21st congressional district and as the Chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee.': 9.874022483825684, 'Eje vial | The system of Ejes viales (singular: "eje vial", lit. "road axis") in Mexico City is a large network of wide arterial roads with coordinated traffic signals. They are mainly directed in one-way with a single lane going in the opposite direction used exclusively by public transportation. The network was set up during the presidency of José López Portillo in the 1970s. With the exception of the "Eje Central", a south-to-north "eje" passing through the Historic center of Mexico City, the "ejes" are numbered with cardinal directions, for example going north from the center: Eje 1 Norte, then Eje 2 Norte, and so forth. In addition to the Eje number and directional, the streets retain their individual names, with one "eje" thus consisting of multiple sequential individually named streets.': 9.851007461547852}
AGENT:
New Notes:
['Bill Boyd is the executive chairman of Boyd Gaming Corporation, which is a gaming and hospitality company.', 'Thomas Eje made his Las Vegas debut at the Suncoast Casino.']
Titles:
['Boyd Gaming', 'Thomas Eje']
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{'Suncoast Hotel and Casino | Suncoast is a hotel and casino located in Las Vegas, Nevada. It is owned and operated by Boyd Gaming. The hotel, located on a 50 acre site, contains 432 rooms and has an 82000 sqft casino (with over 2000 slot machines) as well as a Century group movie theatre, bowling alley and conference room / meeting space.': 17.44705581665039, 'Hotpoint | The Hotpoint Electric Heating Company (generally known simply as Hotpoint) is an American and European brand of domestic appliances. Ownership of the brand is split between the American company Whirlpool, which has European rights, and Chinese company Haier, which has North American rights since its purchase of GE Appliances.': 14.85025405883789, 'Station Casinos | Station Casinos is a gaming company based in the Las Vegas suburb of Summerlin, Nevada, founded by Frank Fertitta, Jr. Station Casinos, along with Affinity Gaming, Boyd Gaming, and American Casino & Entertainment Properties, dominate the locals casino market in Las Vegas. The company purchased several sites that were gaming-entitled, meaning that major casinos can be built at that location without additional approvals. There are only a limited number of such sites available in the Las Vegas area. Station has also branched out into managing casinos that they do not own. Red Rock Resorts, Inc. () is a publicly traded holding company that owns a portion of Station Casinos.': 14.726444244384766, "Boyd Gaming | Boyd Gaming Corporation is an American gaming and hospitality company based in Paradise, Nevada. The company continues to be run by founder Sam Boyd's family under the management of Sam's son, Bill Boyd (born 1931), who currently serves as the company's executive chairman after retiring as CEO in January 2008.": 14.61159896850586, "Suncoast Casino and Entertainment World | Suncoast Casino, Hotels and Entertainment is an entertainment complex situated at the northern end of Durban's Golden Mile, adjacent to the Kings Park Sporting Precinct. Besides the casino, the complex houses many restaurants, a beach bar, cinemas and its own semi-private beach, which was rated as one of the top 3 beaches in South Africa. The design of the complex is aimed to complement the vast art deco heritage that is found across Durban. Suncoast houses the largest Casino complex in South Africa.": 14.165340423583984, 'Aztar | Aztar Corporation was a hospitality company based in Phoenix, Arizona, focused on resort hotels and casinos. In 2005, the company had revenues of more than $915 million and earnings before interest and taxes of $212 million. During 2006 the company became the subject of a bidding war for ownership, with Columbia Sussex winning.': 13.07789421081543, 'REX American Resources | REX American Resources Corp. (REX; ) is an American producer and retailer of ethanol, distillers grains and natural gas as well as a holding company in energy entities. It was founded in 1980 and is headquartered in Dayton, Ohio. The company has the entire ownership of three affiliated corporations including Rex Radio and Television, Inc., Stereo Town, Inc. and Kelly & Cohen Appliances, Inc. As of 2012, the company has the ownership of 22 national retail stores and invested in five ethanol production entities nationwide. One of the plants the company invested in, One Earth Energy, LLC, has an annual capacity of 100\xa0million gallons of ethanol and 320,000\xa0tons of dried distillers grains. The company exited the retail industry and transferred to energy investment in 2009 with changing the name from Rex Stores Corporation to its current name in the following year.': 12.592756271362305, 'Eskimo (appliances) | Eskimo was the brand name of home appliances (refrigerators, freezers, kitchen ovens, heaters, TV sets etc.) produced by "Viometal Eskimo", a Greek company founded in 1958. The spectacular development of this company (by 1973 it employed over 1500 and held a 27% stake of the Greek home appliances market) was followed by a disastrous merger with Izola, a former competitor, in 1977. The new company ("Elinda", for "[H]ellenic Industry of Appliances") went bankrupt after a few years, while a branch of the former company survived, focusing on trading and TV assembly. In 2001 it merged with "F.G. Europe", a Greek electric and electronic appliance trading company.': 12.437073707580566, 'Marina District Development | The Marina District Development Company, LLC was a joint venture of Boyd Gaming Corporation and MGM Resorts International that was established to develop and operate the Borgata Hotel Casino and Spa in Atlantic City, New Jersey.': 12.390933990478516, 'Suncoast Motion Picture Company | Suncoast Motion Picture Company is an American chain of retail stores specializing in recorded videos, particularly movies but also carried television series. The stores have sold them in the VHS, LaserDisc, DVD, HD DVD, and Blu-ray formats. The stores also carry various other items, including movie-related posters, toys, collectibles, Japanese manga, and snacks such as Pocky and Ramune.': 12.248846054077148}
AGENT:
New Notes:
['The Suncoast Casino, where Thomas Eje made his Las Vegas debut, is owned and operated by Boyd Gaming Corporation, which is chaired by Bill Boyd.']
Titles:
['Boyd Gaming', 'Suncoast Hotel and Casino']
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{"Boyd Gaming | Boyd Gaming Corporation is an American gaming and hospitality company based in Paradise, Nevada. The company continues to be run by founder Sam Boyd's family under the management of Sam's son, Bill Boyd (born 1931), who currently serves as the company's executive chairman after retiring as CEO in January 2008.": 23.49593734741211, 'The Boyd Company | The Boyd Company, Inc., is a privately owned corporate site selection firm founded in Princeton, New Jersey, in 1975.': 17.17656135559082, 'William "Stage" Boyd | William H. Boyd (December 28, 1889, in New York City, New York – March 20, 1935, in Los Angeles, California) was an American actor billed as William "Stage" Boyd or William Stage Boyd.': 15.786433219909668, 'Bill Boyd (poker player) | William "Bill" Walter Boyd (January 27, 1906 – November 21, 1997) was a professional poker player.': 15.470959663391112, 'Marina District Development | The Marina District Development Company, LLC was a joint venture of Boyd Gaming Corporation and MGM Resorts International that was established to develop and operate the Borgata Hotel Casino and Spa in Atlantic City, New Jersey.': 15.235185623168944, 'Boyds Bears | Boyds Bears is a line of collectible resin and stuffed teddy bears being sold at The Boyds Bears Store http://www.TheBoydsBearsStore.com Boyds was acquired in 2008 by Enesco whom in 2014 announced the company had "made the difficult strategic decision to place Boyds into hibernation". This announcement was communicated to retailers via an email from Michael Griffith, Senior Vice President, U.S. Sales.': 14.75636100769043, 'Margot Boyd | Margot Boyd (24 September 1913 – 20 May 2008), born Beryl Billings, was an English stage, television and radio actress. She grew up in Bath and trained as an actor at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA). Here Boyd acted in a production supervised by George Bernard Shaw.': 14.703723907470703, 'Bill Boyd (Canadian politician) | Bill Boyd (born August 22, 1956) is a provincial level politician from Saskatchewan, Canada. He served as a member of the Saskatchewan Legislature from 1991 to 2002 and returned to office in the 2007 Saskatchewan general election.': 14.693103790283203, 'Danielle Boyd | Danielle Boyd (born May 30, 1990 in Kingston, Ontario) is a Canadian sailor. Along with partner Erin Rafuse, Boyd finished in sixth place at the 2015 Pan American Games in the 49erFX. Both Rafuse and Boyd have also qualified to compete at the 2016 Summer Olympics.': 14.669053077697754, 'Billy Boyd (ice hockey) | William George "Bill" Boyd (May 15, 1898 in Belleville, Ontario – November 17, 1940 in Days Corner, Prince Edward Island) was a professional ice hockey forward who played 133 games in the National Hockey League. He played for the New York Rangers and New York Americans. He won the Stanley Cup in 1928 with the New York Rangers.': 14.59356689453125}
AGENT:
New Notes:
[]
Titles:
[]
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{"Boyd Gaming | Boyd Gaming Corporation is an American gaming and hospitality company based in Paradise, Nevada. The company continues to be run by founder Sam Boyd's family under the management of Sam's son, Bill Boyd (born 1931), who currently serves as the company's executive chairman after retiring as CEO in January 2008.": 23.49593734741211, 'Marina District Development | The Marina District Development Company, LLC was a joint venture of Boyd Gaming Corporation and MGM Resorts International that was established to develop and operate the Borgata Hotel Casino and Spa in Atlantic City, New Jersey.': 17.2651309967041, 'The Boyd Company | The Boyd Company, Inc., is a privately owned corporate site selection firm founded in Princeton, New Jersey, in 1975.': 17.17656135559082, 'Fremont Hotel and Casino | The Fremont Hotel & Casino is located in downtown Las Vegas, Nevada, on the Fremont Street Experience. The casino is operated by the Boyd Gaming Corporation.': 16.055540084838867, 'William "Stage" Boyd | William H. Boyd (December 28, 1889, in New York City, New York – March 20, 1935, in Los Angeles, California) was an American actor billed as William "Stage" Boyd or William Stage Boyd.': 15.786433219909668, 'Bill Boyd (poker player) | William "Bill" Walter Boyd (January 27, 1906 – November 21, 1997) was a professional poker player.': 15.470959663391112, 'Orleans Arena | The Orleans Arena is a 9,500-seat multi-purpose arena in Paradise, Nevada, in the Las Vegas Valley. It is located at the Orleans Hotel and Casino and is operated by Coast Casinos, a subsidiary of Boyd Gaming Corporation.': 15.466619491577148, "Sam's Town Gambling Hall, Kansas City | Sam's Town Gambling Hall, Kansas City was a riverboat casino in Kansas City, Missouri, docked at I-435 and MO-210. It was also owned and operated by Boyd Gaming Corporation.": 15.279796600341797, 'Boyds Bears | Boyds Bears is a line of collectible resin and stuffed teddy bears being sold at The Boyds Bears Store http://www.TheBoydsBearsStore.com Boyds was acquired in 2008 by Enesco whom in 2014 announced the company had "made the difficult strategic decision to place Boyds into hibernation". This announcement was communicated to retailers via an email from Michael Griffith, Senior Vice President, U.S. Sales.': 14.75636100769043, 'Margot Boyd | Margot Boyd (24 September 1913 – 20 May 2008), born Beryl Billings, was an English stage, television and radio actress. She grew up in Bath and trained as an actor at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA). Here Boyd acted in a production supervised by George Bernard Shaw.': 14.703723907470703}
AGENT:
{
"new_notes": [],
"titles": []
}
HoVer: Append Notes — Optimized System Prompt
Instructions:
You are an expert assistant gathering factual evidence to evaluate the following claim:
"{{ claim }}"
You will receive search results stemming from the most recent query. These may include background information, biographical data, event descriptions, or corroborating facts. Your goals are:
1. Identify new, pertinent details that clarify or address the claim.
2. Present each insight so that it is coherent, fact-based, and not duplicated from prior notes.
3. Specify the titles of the key sources related to these new insights.
Strictly include information relevant to assessing the claim or filling any gaps in understanding.
Return your findings in the following JSON structure:
{
"new_notes": ["concise, fact-based note 1", "concise, fact-based note 2"],
"titles": ["source title 1", "source title 2"]
}
Demonstrations:
DEMONSTRATION 1:
SYSTEM:
{'claim': 'The actress that starred in Cerberus (film) played a supporting role in a satirical erotic romantic comedy'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{'40 Days and 40 Nights | 40 Days and 40 Nights is a 2002 satirical erotic romantic comedy film directed by Michael Lehmann, written by Rob Perez and starring Josh Hartnett, Shannyn Sossamon and Paulo Costanzo. The film depicts Matt Sullivan, a San Francisco web designer who has chosen to abstain from any sexual contact for the duration of Lent.': 14.920804977416992, 'L.A. Story | L.A. Story is a 1991 American satirical romantic fantasy comedy-drama film written by and starring Steve Martin, and directed by Mick Jackson. Set in Los Angeles, California, it relates a series of episodes in the romantic life of an L.A. TV weather forecaster. It includes surreal sequences in which he is offered romantic advice flashed to him by a freeway sign. The movie blends romantic comedy with fantasy and satire elements that both satirize and celebrate L.A. culture.': 14.600309371948242, "They Came Together | They Came Together is a 2014 American satirical romantic comedy film directed by David Wain and written by Wain and Michael Showalter. It is a parody of romantic comedies infused with Showalter and Wain's absurd approach. The film had its world premiere at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival, and was released theatrically (with a simultaneous release on iTunes) on June 27, 2014.": 13.209369659423828, 'Bhumi Pednekar | Bhumi Pednekar (born 18 July 1989) is an Indian film actress. After working as an assistant casting director for several years for Yash Raj Films, she signed a three-film deal with the company as an actress and made her film debut with a leading role in the 2015 romantic comedy "Dum Laga Ke Haisha"which won her a Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut. In 2017, she played a headstrong woman in rural India in "", which proved to be a major commercial success.': 12.90302848815918, 'Katrina Kaif filmography | Katrina Kaif is a British actress who predominantly appears in Bollywood films. She made her film debut in the 2003 erotic heist film "Boom", a box office bomb. She then played the titular princess in the Telugu film "Malliswari" (2004). Kaif had her first success in Bollywood when she appeared opposite Salman Khan in David Dhawan\'s romantic comedy "Maine Pyaar Kyun Kiya? ". The 2006 musical romance "Humko Deewana Kar Gaye" saw Kaif pair opposite Akshay Kumar for the first of many films, though the film was a critical and financial failure.': 12.632417678833008, 'Cha Ye-ryun | Cha Ye-ryun (born Park Hyun-Ho on July 16, 1985) is a South Korean actress. A graduate of Sangmyung High School, she began acting in 2005 at the age of 20, when she had a supporting role in the horror film Voice. In 2007, she made her official television debut as one of the main cast members in the melodrama Bad Love. Cha played her first leading role in the 2014 romantic-comedy film The Actress Is Too Much.': 12.45063304901123, 'The Bed Sitting Room (film) | The Bed Sitting Room is a 1969 British comedy film directed by Richard Lester, starring an ensemble cast of British comic actors, and based on the play of the same name. It was entered into the 19th Berlin International Film Festival. The film is an absurdist, post-apocalyptic, satirical black comedy.': 12.39395236968994, 'Je vous aime | Je Vous Aime (English title "I Love You All") is a 1980 French romantic comedy film directed by Claude Berri. Its cast comprises notable actors and actresses like Jean Louis Trintignant, Catherine Deneuve, Gérard Depardieu and Serge Gainsbourg. It was first released in 1980 and it was shown in the US in 1981.': 12.350584983825684, 'The Christ of Nanjing | The Christ Of Nanjing () is a 1995 erotic romantic drama film directed by Tony Au, starring Tony Leung Ka-fai and Yasuko Tomita. The film is based on the work of famed Japanese novelist Akutagawa Ryunosuke. Tomita won the award for best actress at 1995 Tokyo International Film Festival for her performance in the film.': 12.104660034179688, 'The Misadventures of Margaret | The Misadventures of Margaret is a 1998 French-British romantic comedy film directed by Brian Skeet and starring Parker Posey, Jeremy Northam and Craig Chester. It was based on the novel "Rameau\'s Niece" by Cathleen Schine. The film is about the bored wife of a Professor who decides to write an erotic novel.': 11.97560214996338}
AGENT:
{
"new_notes": ["The film '40 Days and 40 Nights' is a satirical erotic romantic comedy featuring actors like Josh Hartnett and Shannyn Sossamon.", "Cha Ye-ryun played a supporting role in the 2014 romantic-comedy film 'The Actress Is Too Much', indicating her involvement in the romantic comedy genre."],
"titles": ["40 Days and 40 Nights", "Cha Ye-ryun"]
}
DEMONSTRATION 2:
SYSTEM:
{'claim': 'Duchess Eleanor of Threapwood is the mother of the king that the Lord of the Manor of Oakham, for whom Oakham Castle was constructed between 1180 and 1190, was principal captain to.'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{'Eleanor Percy, Duchess of Buckingham | Eleanor Percy, Duchess of Buckingham (ca. 1474 – 13 February 1530), also known as Alianore, was the eldest daughter of Henry Percy, 4th Earl of Northumberland by his wife, Lady Maud Herbert, daughter of William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke. Eleanor Percy married Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, who was beheaded in 1521 on false charges of plotting to overthrow the king, Henry VIII. As a result, the Dukedom of Buckingham and estates were forfeited, and her children lost their inheritance.': 12.654648780822754, "Maria of Portugal, Duchess of Viseu | D. Maria of Portugal, Duchess of Viseu (18 June 1521 – 10 October 1577 in Lisbon; ] ) was an Infanta of Portugal, the only daughter of King Manuel I of Portugal and Eleanor of Austria. A noted patron of the arts, Maria's personal wealth rivaled that of the king, her brother (John III of Portugal), making her the richest woman in Portugal and one of the richest in Europe.": 12.125724792480469, 'Eleanor of Woodstock | Eleanor of Woodstock (18 June 1318 – 22 April 1355) was an English princess and Duchess consort of Guelders by marriage. She was regent of Guelders as the guardian of her minor son from 1343 until 1344.': 11.81601333618164, 'Eleanor Percy, Duchess of Northumberland | Eleanor Percy, Duchess of Northumberland (1820–1911) was the wife of Algernon Percy, 4th Duke of Northumberland.': 11.746452331542969, 'Matilda of England, Duchess of Saxony | Matilda of England (German: "Mathilde von England" , also called Maud; 6 January 1156 – 28 June 1189) was the eldest daughter of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Through her marriage with the Welf duke Henry the Lion, she was Duchess consort of Saxony and Bavaria from 1168 until her husband\'s deposition in 1180.': 11.36436939239502, "Eleanor of Naples, Duchess of Ferrara | Eleanor of Naples (Leonora or Eleonora of Aragon): (1450 –1493) was duchess consort of Ferrara by marriage to Ercole I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara. She was the first duchess of Ferrara, and mother of many famous Renaissance figures. She was a well known political figure, and served as regent of Ferrara during the absence of her spouse.": 11.345741271972656, 'Eleanor, Duchess of Gloucester | Eleanor, Duchess of Gloucester (née Cobham; c.1400 – 7 July 1452), was a mistress and the second wife of Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester. A convicted sorceress, her imprisonment for treasonable necromancy in 1441 was a "cause célèbre".': 11.285011291503906, "Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany | Eleanor Fair Maid of Brittany (c. 1184 – 10 August 1241), also known as Damsel of Brittany, Pearl of Brittany, or Beauty of Brittany, was the eldest daughter of Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany, the fourth son of King Henry II of England, and Constance, Duchess of Brittany. After the presumed death in 1203 of her imprisoned younger brother, Arthur, she was heiress to vast lands including England, Anjou, and Aquitaine as well as Brittany, realms where the Salic Law barring the accession of females did not apply. Her uncle John, King of England was the fifth son of Henry II, and Eleanor inherited Arthur's claim to the throne as child of John's elder brother Geoffrey. Thus she posed a potential threat to John, and following his death in 1216, equally to her cousin, Henry III of England. She was imprisoned from 1202, and thus became the longest-imprisoned member of an English royal family. As a prisoner she was also unable to press her claim to the Duchy of Brittany as her mother's heiress.": 11.181573867797852, 'Eleanor Beauchamp, Duchess of Somerset | Lady Eleanor Beauchamp, Baroness de Ros and Duchess of Somerset (September 1408 – 6 March 1467) at Wedgenock, Warwickshire, England, was the second daughter of Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick and Elizabeth de Berkeley, daughter of Thomas de Berkeley, 5th Baron Berkeley.': 10.817564010620115, 'Eleanor of Toledo | Eleanor of Toledo (Italian: "Eleonora di Toledo" (1522 – 17 December 1562), born Doña Leonor Álvarez de Toledo y Osorio, was a Spanish noblewoman who was Duchess of Florence from 1539, after Margaret of Austria.Although, Eleanor is often referred to as the Grand Duchess of Tuscany, she predeceased the creation of the Grand Duke of Tuscany. She is credited with being the first modern first lady, or consort. She served as regent of Florence during the absence of her spouse.': 10.746875762939451}
AGENT:
New Notes:
[]
Titles:
[]
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{'Oakham Castle | Oakham Castle, in Oakham, Rutland, was constructed between 1180 and 1190 for Walchelin de Ferriers, Lord of the Manor of Oakham. The Castle is known for its collection of massive horseshoes and is also recognised as one of the best examples of domestic Norman architecture in England.': 13.15822410583496, 'HMS Oakham Castle | HMS "Oakham Castle" was a Royal Navy corvette of the castle class. Built as a convoy escort during the Second World War, it later became a weather ship before being scrapped in 1977.': 12.028934478759766, 'Eleanor Percy, Duchess of Northumberland | Eleanor Percy, Duchess of Northumberland (1820–1911) was the wife of Algernon Percy, 4th Duke of Northumberland.': 11.746452331542969, 'Listed buildings in Threapwood | Threapwood is a civil parish in Cheshire West and Chester, England. It contains three buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. Of these, one is listed at Grade\xa0II*, the middle grade, and the other two are at Grade\xa0II. Apart from the village of Threapwood, the parish is entirely rural. The listed buildings consist of a church, its gates and walls, and a derelict windmill.': 11.743478775024414, 'Eleanor of Anhalt-Zerbst | Eleonore of Anhalt-Zerbst (10 November 1608, in Zerbst – 2 November 1681, in Østerholm Castle, Als) was a member of the House of Ascania and a princess of Anhalt-Zerbst by birth and by marriage Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Norburg.': 11.719096183776855, "Eleanor of Naples, Duchess of Ferrara | Eleanor of Naples (Leonora or Eleonora of Aragon): (1450 –1493) was duchess consort of Ferrara by marriage to Ercole I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara. She was the first duchess of Ferrara, and mother of many famous Renaissance figures. She was a well known political figure, and served as regent of Ferrara during the absence of her spouse.": 11.345741271972656, 'Eleanor, Duchess of Gloucester | Eleanor, Duchess of Gloucester (née Cobham; c.1400 – 7 July 1452), was a mistress and the second wife of Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester. A convicted sorceress, her imprisonment for treasonable necromancy in 1441 was a "cause célèbre".': 11.285011291503906, 'Eleanor Beauchamp, Duchess of Somerset | Lady Eleanor Beauchamp, Baroness de Ros and Duchess of Somerset (September 1408 – 6 March 1467) at Wedgenock, Warwickshire, England, was the second daughter of Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick and Elizabeth de Berkeley, daughter of Thomas de Berkeley, 5th Baron Berkeley.': 10.817564010620115, 'Eleanor of Toledo | Eleanor of Toledo (Italian: "Eleonora di Toledo" (1522 – 17 December 1562), born Doña Leonor Álvarez de Toledo y Osorio, was a Spanish noblewoman who was Duchess of Florence from 1539, after Margaret of Austria.Although, Eleanor is often referred to as the Grand Duchess of Tuscany, she predeceased the creation of the Grand Duke of Tuscany. She is credited with being the first modern first lady, or consort. She served as regent of Florence during the absence of her spouse.': 10.746875762939451, 'Eleanor Percy, Duchess of Buckingham | Eleanor Percy, Duchess of Buckingham (ca. 1474 – 13 February 1530), also known as Alianore, was the eldest daughter of Henry Percy, 4th Earl of Northumberland by his wife, Lady Maud Herbert, daughter of William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke. Eleanor Percy married Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, who was beheaded in 1521 on false charges of plotting to overthrow the king, Henry VIII. As a result, the Dukedom of Buckingham and estates were forfeited, and her children lost their inheritance.': 10.61788558959961}
AGENT:
{
"new_notes": [
"Oakham Castle was constructed between 1180 and 1190 for Walchelin de Ferriers, who was the Lord of the Manor of Oakham."
],
"titles": [
"Oakham Castle"
]
}
DEMONSTRATION 3:
SYSTEM:
{'claim': 'Casey Jr is a water play area across from the elephant version of the TriceraTop Spin. It is an aerial carousel-style ride located in Fantasyland at six Disney parks around the world.'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{'Casey Jr. Splash \'n\' Soak Station | The Casey Jr. Splash \'n\' Soak Station is an attraction in the Fantasyland section of Walt Disney World in Bay Lake, Florida. Casey Jr is the train seen in the film "Dumbo", where Dumbo, his mother, Mrs. Jumbo, and other circus animals travel on to the shows. This attraction is a water play area across from the Dumbo the Flying Elephant ride and The Barnstormer starring the Great Goofini. It is designed to look like it has actual animals in the train by having elephant trunks and giraffes that spray out water at young guests.': 25.04230499267578, "TriceraTop Spin | TriceraTop Spin is an aerial carousel located in Dinoland USA at Walt Disney World's Animal Kingdom in Lake Buena Vista, Florida. It is a dinosaur-themed version of Dumbo the Flying Elephant at the Magic Kingdom.": 22.32596206665039, 'Storm Surge (ride) | Storm Surge is a \'Spinning Rapids\' water ride at Thorpe Park, Surrey, United Kingdom manufactured by WhiteWater West. It is located in the Amity area of the park, in the vicinity of the park\'s Tidal Wave-themed ride. Storm Surge, which opened in March 2011 with a fairground ride theme, makes use of the Tidal Wave water which has washed into Amity, as the town enters the 1970s. The ride was relocated from the transforming "Cypress Gardens Florida, which was acquired by Merlin Entertainments to be turned into Legoland Florida.': 16.34703826904297, 'Dumbo the Flying Elephant | Dumbo the Flying Elephant is an aerial carousel-style ride located in Fantasyland at six Disney parks around the world. It is based on the 1941 film, "Dumbo". The original attraction opened at Disneyland in October 1955, three months after the park opened. The four other versions of the attraction were opening-day attractions at their respective parks.': 15.966253280639648, "Ocean Water Park | Ocean Water Park is a 5.6 hectare outdoor water park located in Kish Island, Iran. It is the first Iranian themed water park and outdoor water park, themed based on story of the Mystery of the Sun Castle. It opened in January 2017 and has 13 rides, four swimming pools and one spa in addition to two restaurants, four beverage stops and coffee shops and two shopping areas. The Water Park's theming has been implemented under the supervision of Ahmad Jafari, veteran architect and Disney NFFC legend.": 15.596296310424805, 'Roger Rabbit\'s Car Toon Spin | Roger Rabbit\'s Car Toon Spin is a dark ride located at the Disneyland and Tokyo Disneyland theme parks. It is inspired by the 1988 Walt Disney Pictures and Amblin Entertainment feature film "Who Framed Roger Rabbit". Both versions of the attraction are located in Mickey\'s Toontown. The Disneyland version opened on January 26, 1994, a year after the Mickey\'s Toontown area opened, and the Tokyo Disneyland version opened on April 15, 1996.': 15.219508171081545, 'A Bug\'s Land | "A Bug\'s Land" (stylized a bug\'s land) is an area of Disney California Adventure themed after the 1998 Disney·Pixar film "A Bug\'s Life". The area consists of Flik\'s Fun Fair, an area with four rides and a water play area targeted towards young children and set in a representation of the film\'s fictional universe, which opened in 2002; and an outside area that contains the "It\'s Tough to Be a Bug! " theater, which was an original area of the park when it opened in 2001.': 15.208409309387209, 'Crush\'s Coaster | Crush\'s Coaster is a spinning roller coaster at Walt Disney Studios Park in Disneyland Paris. The attraction officially opened on June 9, 2007 as part of an expansion project in Toon Studio, an area within Walt Disney Studios Park formerly known as Animation Courtyard. It is themed to the Disney-Pixar film "Finding Nemo" and named after Crush, a green sea turtle character from the film. Most of the roller coaster is enclosed and features dark ride special effects.': 14.856761932373049, "It's a Small World | It's a Small World (currently styled it's a small world) is a water-based dark ride located in the Fantasyland area at the various Walt Disney Parks and Resorts worldwide; these include: Disneyland Park in Anaheim, California, the Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney World Resort in Lake Buena Vista, Florida, Tokyo Disneyland, Disneyland Paris, and Hong Kong Disneyland. The ride features over 300 audio-animatronic children in traditional costumes from cultures around the world, frolicking in a spirit of international unity, and singing the attraction's title song, which has a theme of global peace.": 14.853455543518066, 'Mad Tea Party | Mad Tea Party is a spinning tea cup ride at five of the six Disneyland-style theme parks around the world. The ride theme is inspired by the Unbirthday Party scene in Walt Disney\'s "Alice In Wonderland". The ride has gained infamy over the years for the number of guests who get motion sickness as a result of the spinning component to the ride.': 14.57395076751709}
AGENT:
{
"new_notes": [
"Casey Jr. Splash 'n' Soak Station is a water play area located in the Fantasyland section of Walt Disney World, specifically across from the Dumbo the Flying Elephant ride, not from the TriceraTop Spin.",
"Dumbo the Flying Elephant is an aerial carousel-style ride located in Fantasyland at six Disney parks around the world, which confirms the claim regarding the ride's presence across multiple parks.",
"TriceraTop Spin is an aerial carousel located in Dinoland USA at Walt Disney World's Animal Kingdom, serving a similar purpose as Dumbo the Flying Elephant but is not directly relevant to Casey Jr. Splash 'n' Soak Station."
],
"titles": [
"Casey Jr. Splash 'n' Soak Station",
"Dumbo the Flying Elephant",
"TriceraTop Spin"
]
}
DEMONSTRATION 4:
SYSTEM:
{'claim': 'Pierre Nlend Womé was born before the midfielder that played in the Denmark v Sweden UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying game.'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{'Denmark v Sweden (UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying) | A fan attack occurred at the Euro 2008 qualifying Group F match between the national football teams of Sweden and Denmark, at the Parken Stadium in Copenhagen on 2 June 2007. A Danish supporter ran onto the pitch and attacked referee Herbert Fandel, after the referee had awarded Sweden a penalty in the 89th minute of the match and sent off Danish midfielder Christian Poulsen for punching Swedish striker Markus Rosenberg in the stomach.': 22.088298797607425, 'Pierre Womé | Pierre Nlend Womé (born 26 March 1979) is a Cameroonian retired footballer who played as a defender. A journeyman, Womé was a versatile and skillful left wingback who played for 14 clubs in six countries, being only one of eleven players to have played in the top divisions in Italy, Spain, England and Germany respectively (the others are Jon Dahl Tomasson, Abel Xavier, Gheorghe Popescu, Florin Răducioiu, Pepe Reina, Christian Poulsen, Maniche, Marko Marin, Eduardo Vargas and Obafemi Martins).': 21.843320846557617, "UEFA Women's Euro 2017 qualifying Group 4 | Group 4 of the UEFA Women's Euro 2017 qualifying competition consisted of five teams: Sweden, Denmark, Poland, Slovakia, and Moldova. The composition of the eight groups in the qualifying group stage was decided by the draw held on 20 April 2015.": 20.508710861206055, 'UEFA Euro 1992 qualifying | The qualifying competition for UEFA Euro 1992 was a series of parallel association football competitions to be held over 1990 and 1991 to decide the qualifiers for UEFA Euro 1992, to be held in Sweden. The draw for the qualifying rounds was held on 2 February 1990.': 18.931724548339844, 'UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying | This page describes the qualifying procedure for the UEFA Euro 2008.': 18.410127639770508, 'UEFA Euro 2016 qualifying Group I | The UEFA Euro 2016 qualifying Group I was one of the nine groups to decide which teams would qualify for the UEFA Euro 2016 finals tournament. Group I consisted of five teams: Portugal, Denmark, Serbia, Armenia, and Albania, where they played against each other home-and-away in a round-robin format.': 18.273948669433594, 'UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying Group B | Standings and results for Group B of the UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying tournament.': 18.257699966430664, 'UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying Group F | Standings and results for Group F of the UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying tournament.': 18.257699966430664, 'UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying Group E | Standings and results for Group E of the UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying tournament.': 18.257699966430664, 'UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying Group G | Standings and results for Group G of the UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying tournament.': 18.257699966430664}
AGENT:
New Notes:
['Pierre Nlend Womé was born on 26 March 1979.', 'Christian Poulsen was the Danish midfielder who played in the Denmark v Sweden UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying game on 2 June 2007.']
Titles:
['Pierre Womé', 'Denmark v Sweden (UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying)']
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{'Christian Poulsen (chess player) | Christian Poulsen (Rind, 16 August 1912 – 19 April 1981) was a Danish chess master.': 11.507551193237305, 'Svend Poulsen | Svend Poulsen ( \u20091610 – \u20091680 ), also referred to as Svend Poulsen Gønge (Swedish: "Svend Gjönge Povlsen" ) was a Danish military commander in the 17th century, serving in the armies of Christian IV, Frederick III, and Christian V. He fought in the Torstenson War, Second Northern War, and the Scanian War, and led the "snaphane" militia in guerilla warfare against Sweden in occupied Zealand from 1658 to 1659. He was popularized under the name Gøngehøvdingen (English: the Gønge chieftain ) in 1853, when his exploits were fictionalized under that name by Danish author Carit Etlar. The historicity of his aliases has since been disputed.': 10.269018173217772, 'Christian Poulsen | Christian Bjørnshøj Poulsen (born 28 February 1980) is a Danish former footballer. After starting his career with Holbæk, he played for a number of European clubs as a defensive midfielder, winning the Danish Superliga championship with F.C. Copenhagen, the German DFB-Ligapokal trophy with FC Schalke 04, and the European UEFA Cup with Spanish team Sevilla FC, later also playing for Italian Serie A club Juventus, as well as Premier League side, Liverpool, French side Evian, and Dutch side Ajax.': 9.71918487548828, "Valdemar Poulsen Gold Medal | The Valdemar Poulsen Gold Medal, named after radio pioneer Valdemar Poulsen, was awarded each year for outstanding research in the field of radio techniques and related fields by the . The award was presented on November 23, the anniversary of Poulsen's birth. The award was discontinued in 1993.": 8.720315933227539, "Louis Poulsen | Louis Poulsen is a Danish lighting manufacturer that was founded in 1874. Louis Poulsen Lighting is represented by subsidiaries, distribution offices and agents around the world. Their key sales regions are Scandinavia, Europe, Japan and United States. Some of Louis Poulsen's best designers were Arne Jacobsen and Poul Henningsen. Some of their signature products are the PH-Lamps.": 8.565469741821289, 'Hans Poulsen | Hans Sven Poulsen (born Bruce Gordon Poulsen, 7 March 1945) is an Australian singer-songwriter and instrumentalist who was popular in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Poulsen had hits with "Boom Sha La La Lo" and "Light Across the Valley" (both in 1970) and had success as a songwriter with "Rose Coloured Glasses" for John Farnham and "Monty and Me" for Zoot.': 8.508810997009277, 'Erik Poulsen (disambiguation) | Erik Poulsen is a politician.': 8.226015090942383, 'Mette Poulsen | Mette Poulsen (born 14 June 1993) is a Danish female badminton player.': 8.020843505859375, 'Valdemar Poulsen | Valdemar Poulsen (23 November 1869 – 23 July 1942) was a Danish engineer who made significant contributions to early radio technology. He developed a magnetic wire recorder called the telegraphone in 1899 and the first continuous wave radio transmitter, the Poulsen arc transmitter, in 1903, which was used in some of the first broadcasting stations until the early 1920s.': 7.961180210113525, 'René Holten Poulsen | René Holten Poulsen, professional kayaker and medalist at the Olympics, World Championships and European Championships': 7.954708576202393}
AGENT:
New Notes:
['Christian Poulsen was born on 28 February 1980.']
Titles:
['Christian Poulsen']
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{'Pierre Womé | Pierre Nlend Womé (born 26 March 1979) is a Cameroonian retired footballer who played as a defender. A journeyman, Womé was a versatile and skillful left wingback who played for 14 clubs in six countries, being only one of eleven players to have played in the top divisions in Italy, Spain, England and Germany respectively (the others are Jon Dahl Tomasson, Abel Xavier, Gheorghe Popescu, Florin Răducioiu, Pepe Reina, Christian Poulsen, Maniche, Marko Marin, Eduardo Vargas and Obafemi Martins).': 27.295427322387695, 'Christian Poulsen (chess player) | Christian Poulsen (Rind, 16 August 1912 – 19 April 1981) was a Danish chess master.': 11.507551193237305, 'Samuel Nlend | Samuel Nlend (born 15 March 1995), is a Cameroonian footballer who plays as a forward.': 10.405393600463867, 'Svend Poulsen | Svend Poulsen ( \u20091610 – \u20091680 ), also referred to as Svend Poulsen Gønge (Swedish: "Svend Gjönge Povlsen" ) was a Danish military commander in the 17th century, serving in the armies of Christian IV, Frederick III, and Christian V. He fought in the Torstenson War, Second Northern War, and the Scanian War, and led the "snaphane" militia in guerilla warfare against Sweden in occupied Zealand from 1658 to 1659. He was popularized under the name Gøngehøvdingen (English: the Gønge chieftain ) in 1853, when his exploits were fictionalized under that name by Danish author Carit Etlar. The historicity of his aliases has since been disputed.': 10.269018173217772, 'Henri Hogbe Nlend | Henri Hogbe Nlend (born 23 December 1939) is a Cameroonian mathematician, university professor, former government minister and presidential candidate.': 10.153202056884766, "Dové Womé | Sename Dové Womé Dobe (born 8 June 1991 in Fiokpo) is a Togolese footballer. He currently plays for South African Premier Soccer League side SuperSport United, and loaned to Orlando Pirates for the second halve of the South African Premier Soccer League's season.": 9.745412826538086, 'Christian Poulsen | Christian Bjørnshøj Poulsen (born 28 February 1980) is a Danish former footballer. After starting his career with Holbæk, he played for a number of European clubs as a defensive midfielder, winning the Danish Superliga championship with F.C. Copenhagen, the German DFB-Ligapokal trophy with FC Schalke 04, and the European UEFA Cup with Spanish team Sevilla FC, later also playing for Italian Serie A club Juventus, as well as Premier League side, Liverpool, French side Evian, and Dutch side Ajax.': 9.71918487548828, "Valdemar Poulsen Gold Medal | The Valdemar Poulsen Gold Medal, named after radio pioneer Valdemar Poulsen, was awarded each year for outstanding research in the field of radio techniques and related fields by the . The award was presented on November 23, the anniversary of Poulsen's birth. The award was discontinued in 1993.": 8.720315933227539, "Louis Poulsen | Louis Poulsen is a Danish lighting manufacturer that was founded in 1874. Louis Poulsen Lighting is represented by subsidiaries, distribution offices and agents around the world. Their key sales regions are Scandinavia, Europe, Japan and United States. Some of Louis Poulsen's best designers were Arne Jacobsen and Poul Henningsen. Some of their signature products are the PH-Lamps.": 8.565469741821289, 'Hans Poulsen | Hans Sven Poulsen (born Bruce Gordon Poulsen, 7 March 1945) is an Australian singer-songwriter and instrumentalist who was popular in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Poulsen had hits with "Boom Sha La La Lo" and "Light Across the Valley" (both in 1970) and had success as a songwriter with "Rose Coloured Glasses" for John Farnham and "Monty and Me" for Zoot.': 8.508810997009277}
AGENT:
New Notes:
[]
Titles:
[]
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{'Pierre Womé | Pierre Nlend Womé (born 26 March 1979) is a Cameroonian retired footballer who played as a defender. A journeyman, Womé was a versatile and skillful left wingback who played for 14 clubs in six countries, being only one of eleven players to have played in the top divisions in Italy, Spain, England and Germany respectively (the others are Jon Dahl Tomasson, Abel Xavier, Gheorghe Popescu, Florin Răducioiu, Pepe Reina, Christian Poulsen, Maniche, Marko Marin, Eduardo Vargas and Obafemi Martins).': 27.295427322387695, 'Christian Poulsen (chess player) | Christian Poulsen (Rind, 16 August 1912 – 19 April 1981) was a Danish chess master.': 11.507551193237305, 'Pierre Khazen | Pierre Khazen English: (Pronounced Pierre Kazen) ; French: (Pronounced Pierre Kazèn) is an Israeli performer/composer/producer of Lebanese Christian descent, born in Haifa, Israel. His early musical experience started at the age of seven, when he started playing the piano at a conservatoire. At the age of 10 he started composing his own music while at the age of 11, he started to record it.': 10.71766471862793, 'Samuel Nlend | Samuel Nlend (born 15 March 1995), is a Cameroonian footballer who plays as a forward.': 10.405393600463867, 'Svend Poulsen | Svend Poulsen ( \u20091610 – \u20091680 ), also referred to as Svend Poulsen Gønge (Swedish: "Svend Gjönge Povlsen" ) was a Danish military commander in the 17th century, serving in the armies of Christian IV, Frederick III, and Christian V. He fought in the Torstenson War, Second Northern War, and the Scanian War, and led the "snaphane" militia in guerilla warfare against Sweden in occupied Zealand from 1658 to 1659. He was popularized under the name Gøngehøvdingen (English: the Gønge chieftain ) in 1853, when his exploits were fictionalized under that name by Danish author Carit Etlar. The historicity of his aliases has since been disputed.': 10.269018173217772, 'Henri Hogbe Nlend | Henri Hogbe Nlend (born 23 December 1939) is a Cameroonian mathematician, university professor, former government minister and presidential candidate.': 10.153202056884766, "Dové Womé | Sename Dové Womé Dobe (born 8 June 1991 in Fiokpo) is a Togolese footballer. He currently plays for South African Premier Soccer League side SuperSport United, and loaned to Orlando Pirates for the second halve of the South African Premier Soccer League's season.": 9.745412826538086, 'Christian Poulsen | Christian Bjørnshøj Poulsen (born 28 February 1980) is a Danish former footballer. After starting his career with Holbæk, he played for a number of European clubs as a defensive midfielder, winning the Danish Superliga championship with F.C. Copenhagen, the German DFB-Ligapokal trophy with FC Schalke 04, and the European UEFA Cup with Spanish team Sevilla FC, later also playing for Italian Serie A club Juventus, as well as Premier League side, Liverpool, French side Evian, and Dutch side Ajax.': 9.71918487548828, 'History of Christian meditation | Prayer has been an essential part of Christianity since its earliest days. As the Middle Ages began, the monastic traditions of both Western and Eastern Christianity moved beyond vocal prayer to Christian meditation. These progressions resulted in two distinct and different meditative practices: Lectio Divina in the West and hesychasm in the East. Hesychasm involves the repetition of the Jesus Prayer, but Lectio Divina uses different Scripture passages at different times and although a passage may be repeated a few times, Lectio Divina is not repetitive in nature.': 8.992425918579102, 'Peter Waldo | Peter Waldo, Valdo, Valdes, or Waldes (c. 1140 – c. 1205), also Pierre Vaudès or de Vaux, was a leader of the Waldensians, a Christian spiritual movement of the Middle Ages.': 8.935829162597656}
AGENT:
{"new_notes":[],"titles":[]}
DEMONSTRATION 5:
SYSTEM:
{'claim': 'Two nuclear power plants were constructed by the agency. This agency also constructed WNP-1 and WNP-4.'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{'WNP-3 and WNP-5 | Washington Nuclear Project Nos. 3 and 5, abbreviated as WNP-3 and WNP-5 (collectively known as the Satsop Nuclear Power Plant) were two of the five nuclear power plants on which construction was started by the Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) in order to meet projected electricity demand in the Pacific Northwest. WNP-1, WNP-2 and WNP-3 were part of the original 1968 plan, with WNP-4 (a twin to WNP-1 and located at the same site) and WNP-5 (a twin to WNP-3, in similar fashion) added in the early 1970s.': 37.148563385009766, 'WNP-1 and WNP-4 | Washington Nuclear Project Nos. 1 and 4, abbreviated as WNP-1 and WNP-4 were two of the five nuclear power plants on which construction was started by the Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) in order to meet projected electricity demand in the Pacific Northwest. WNP-1, WNP-2 and WNP-3 were part of the original 1968 plan, with WNP-4 (a twin to WNP-1 and located at the same site) and WNP-5 (a twin to WNP-3, in similar fashion) added in the early 1970s.': 35.810813903808594, 'Nuclear power in Pakistan | As of 2017, nuclear power in Pakistan is provided by 5 commercial nuclear power plants. Pakistan is the first Muslim country in the world to construct and operate civil nuclear power plants. The Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC), the scientific and nuclear governmental agency, is solely responsible for operating these power plants. As of 2012, the electricity generated by commercial nuclear power plants constitutes roughly ~3.6% of electricity generated in Pakistan, compared to ~62% from fossil fuel, ~33% from hydroelectric power and ~0.3% from coal electricity. Pakistan is not a party to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty but is a member of the International Atomic Energy Agency. Pakistan plans on constructing 32 nuclear power plants by 2050.': 20.903573989868164, "Karachi Nuclear Power Complex | The Karachi Nuclear Power Complex or KNPC is located in Paradise Point, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. It consists of the Karachi Nuclear Power Plant (KANUPP) and the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission's Control & Instrumentation Analysis Lab (CIAL KARACHI). Two new nuclear power plants, KANUPP-2 and KANUPP-3, are also under construction at the site. When complete, the complex of civilian nuclear power plants will produce over 2000 MW of electricity. The International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards and inspects the complex. The plant is under construction by the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) and is financed by the IAEA, the China Guangdong Nuclear Power Group, the China National Nuclear Corporation, and the China Atomic Energy Authority.": 17.246278762817383, 'Anti-nuclear movement in the United States | The anti-nuclear movement in the United States consists of more than 80 anti-nuclear groups that oppose nuclear power, nuclear weapons, and/or uranium mining. These have included the Abalone Alliance, Clamshell Alliance, Committee for Nuclear Responsibility, Nevada Desert Experience, Nuclear Information and Resource Service, Physicians for Social Responsibility, Plowshares Movement, and Women Strike for Peace. The anti-nuclear movement has delayed construction or halted commitments to build some new nuclear plants, and has pressured the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to enforce and strengthen the safety regulations for nuclear power plants.': 16.214111328125, 'Nuclear power plant emergency response team | A nuclear power plant emergency response team (ERT) is an incident response team composed of plant personnel and civil authority personnel specifically trained to respond to the occurrence of an accident at a nuclear power plant.': 16.1566219329834, 'Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plant | The Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plant or Guosheng Nuclear Power Plant (國聖核能發電廠), Second Nuclear Power Plant (第二核能發電廠 or 核二), is a nuclear power plant in Wanli, New Taipei, Taiwan. The plant is currently the largest nuclear power plant in Taiwan, before the opening of the 2,700\xa0MW Longmen Nuclear Power Plant which is still under construction.': 15.923612594604492, 'Kaliningrad Nuclear Power Plant | The Kaliningrad Nuclear Power Plant (also referred as Baltic Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) or Baltiiskaya NPP, Russian: ) is a nuclear power plant under construction 13 km south-east of Neman, in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia. It is seen as a counter-project to the plan to build the Visaginas nuclear power plant in Lithuania and is considered not only as an energy, but also as a geopolitical project. In June 2013 the construction was temporary stopped for re-designing the project.': 15.649160385131836, 'Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant | The Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant was the first commercial nuclear plant for electric power generation built in Austria, of 3 nuclear plants originally envisioned. Construction of the plant at Zwentendorf, Austria was finished but the plant never entered service. The start-up of the Zwentendorf plant, as well as the construction of the other 2 plants, was prevented by a referendum on 5 November 1978. A narrow majority of 50.47% voted against the start-up.': 15.455254554748535, 'Juragua Nuclear Power Plant | Juragua Nuclear Power Plant was a nuclear power plant under construction in Cuba when a suspension of construction was announced in 1992 following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the termination of Soviet economic aid to Cuba.': 15.440937042236328}
AGENT:
New Notes:
['WNP-1 and WNP-4 were part of a larger project initiated by the Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) to meet electricity demand in the Pacific Northwest.', 'WNP-1 and WNP-4 are specifically noted to be twin plants, with construction starting as part of the early 1970s additions to the original 1968 nuclear power plant plan.']
Titles:
['WNP-1 and WNP-4', 'WNP-3 and WNP-5']
ENVIRONMENT:
Search Results:
{'WNP-3 and WNP-5 | Washington Nuclear Project Nos. 3 and 5, abbreviated as WNP-3 and WNP-5 (collectively known as the Satsop Nuclear Power Plant) were two of the five nuclear power plants on which construction was started by the Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) in order to meet projected electricity demand in the Pacific Northwest. WNP-1, WNP-2 and WNP-3 were part of the original 1968 plan, with WNP-4 (a twin to WNP-1 and located at the same site) and WNP-5 (a twin to WNP-3, in similar fashion) added in the early 1970s.': 49.69417953491211, 'WNP-1 and WNP-4 | Washington Nuclear Project Nos. 1 and 4, abbreviated as WNP-1 and WNP-4 were two of the five nuclear power plants on which construction was started by the Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) in order to meet projected electricity demand in the Pacific Northwest. WNP-1, WNP-2 and WNP-3 were part of the original 1968 plan, with WNP-4 (a twin to WNP-1 and located at the same site) and WNP-5 (a twin to WNP-3, in similar fashion) added in the early 1970s.': 48.27024841308594, 'Nuclear Implosions: The Rise and Fall of the Washington Public Power Supply System | Nuclear Implosions: The Rise and Fall of the Washington Public Power Supply System': 24.961925506591797, 'Nuclear energy in Austria | In the 1960s the Austrian government started a nuclear energy program and parliament unanimously ordered a nuclear power plant built. In 1972, the German company KWU began construction of the Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant boiling water 700\xa0MWe reactor. In 1976, two years prior to the nuclear power plant opening, the government began a program to educate its citizens on the benefits and safety of nuclear power. However, this campaign began a public discussion that led to large demonstrations against the Zwentendorf plant in 1977. On 15 December 1978, the Austrian Parliament voted in favor of a ban (BGBI. No. 676) on using nuclear fission for Austria’s energy supply until March 1998. This law also prohibits the storage and transport of nuclear materials in or through Austria. On 9 July 1997, the Austrian Parliament unanimously passed legislation to remain an anti-nuclear country.': 20.5729923248291, 'Galena Nuclear Power Plant | The Galena Nuclear Power Plant was a proposed nuclear power plant to be constructed in the Yukon River village of Galena in the U.S. state of Alaska. If it had been built in the projected time frame, it would have been the first non-military nuclear power plant built in Alaska to be utilized for public utility generation.': 20.460542678833008, "1999 Blayais Nuclear Power Plant flood | The 1999 Blayais Nuclear Power Plant flood was a flood that took place on the evening of December 27, 1999. It was caused when a combination of the tide and high winds from the extratropical storm Martin led to the seawalls of the Blayais Nuclear Power Plant in France being overwhelmed. The event resulted in the loss of the plant's off-site power supply and knocked out several safety-related systems, resulting in a event on the International Nuclear Event Scale. The incident illustrated the potential for flooding to damage multiple items of equipment throughout a plant, weaknesses in safety measures, systems and procedures, and resulted in fundamental changes to the evaluation of flood risk at nuclear power plants and in the precautions taken.": 20.39310073852539, 'Hanhikivi Nuclear Power Plant | Hanhikivi Nuclear Power Plant (Finnish: "Hanhikiven ydinvoimalaitos" , Swedish: "Hanhikivi kärnkraftverk" ) is a nuclear power plant proposed for construction on the Finnish Hanhikivi peninsula, in the municipality of Pyhäjoki. It is to house one Russian-designed VVER-1200\xa0PWR reactor, with a capacity of 1200\xa0MW. It was estimated that the reactor will supply 10% of Finland\'s energy demand by 2024.': 20.347938537597656, 'Energy Northwest | Energy Northwest (formerly Washington Public Power Supply System) is a United States public power joint operating agency formed by State law in 1957 to produce at-cost power for Northwest utilities. Headquartered in Richland, Washington, the WPPSS became commonly known as "Whoops" due to over-commitment to nuclear power in the 1970s which brought about financial collapse and the second largest municipal bond default in U.S. history. WPPSS was renamed Energy Northwest in November 1998. Agency membership includes 28 public power utilities, including 23 of the state’s 24 public utility districts.': 20.026744842529297, 'Nuclear power in Taiwan | Nuclear power in Taiwan accounts for 5,028 MWe of capacity by means of 3 active plants and 6 reactors, which makes up around 8.1% of its national energy consumption, and 19% of its electricity generation as of 2015. The technology chosen for the reactors has been General Electric BWR technology for 2 plants and Westinghouse PWR technology for the Maanshan Nuclear Power Plant. Construction of the Lungmen Nuclear Power Plant using the ABWR design has encountered public opposition and a host of delays, and in April 2014 the government decided to suspend construction.': 19.94230842590332, 'Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plant | The Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plant or Guosheng Nuclear Power Plant (國聖核能發電廠), Second Nuclear Power Plant (第二核能發電廠 or 核二), is a nuclear power plant in Wanli, New Taipei, Taiwan. The plant is currently the largest nuclear power plant in Taiwan, before the opening of the 2,700\xa0MW Longmen Nuclear Power Plant which is still under construction.': 19.90506362915039}
AGENT:
{
"new_notes": ["The Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) was renamed Energy Northwest in 1998 and was created to produce at-cost power for Northwest utilities.", "WPPSS is often referred to as \"Whoops\" due to its financial difficulties stemming from over-commitment to nuclear power projects in the 1970s."],
"titles": ["Energy Northwest", "Nuclear Implosions: The Rise and Fall of the Washington Public Power Supply System"]
}
Text-Based Game Navigation (BabyAI)
BabyAI is a multi-turn environment. In a multi-turn environment, the state changes after each agent-environment interaction. For example, the user can ask new questions after the LLM agent responds in a conversation, or a tool call can provide previously unknown information as a conversation proceeds. Moreover, feedback (task success) may be delayed until the end of a sequence of such interactions (an episode).
At each turn in BabyAI, the environment provides a text description of what is currently visible to the agent and a history of environment-agent interactions as observation. Tasks are grouped into categories like GoTo and PickUp. The agent must then act by providing a valid move (e.g. go forward, turn left, or pickup). The agent receives feedback after each interaction as a value indicating whether the agent has completed the task. An episode terminates when the agent completes the task, or the episode times out by reaching the maximum number of allowed turns.
The BabyAI GoTo environment tasks an agent to navigate to a specified object.
We observe that MIPRO optimization results in significant 55.8% and 17.0% relative increases over the Zero-shot and Random Demos baselines, respectively.
The BabyAI PickUp environment tasks an agent to navigate to a specified object and pick it up.
We observe that MIPRO optimization results in significant 35.9% and 42.9% relative increases over the Zero-shot and Random Demos baselines, respectively.
The BabyAI PickUpSeqGoTo environment tasks an agent to (1) navigate to an object, (2) pick it up, and (3) go to another object.
We observe that MIPRO optimization results in a 68.1% increase over the Random Demos baseline but do not observe a statistically significant improvement over the Zero-shot baseline.
BabyAI — Original System Prompt
You are an agent playing a simple navigation game.
Your goal is to {{ mission }}.
The following are the possible actions you can take in the game, followed by a short description of each action:
turn left: turn to the left
turn right: turn to the right
go forward: take one step forward
pick up: pick up the object below you
drop: drop the object that you are holding
toggle: manipulate the object in front of you
Tips:
- Once the desired object you want to interact or pickup in front of you, you can use the 'toggle' action to interact with it.
- It doesn't make sense to repeat the same action over and over if the observation doesn't change.
You always have to output one of the above actions at a time and no other text. You always have to output an action until the episode terminates.
PLAY!
BabyAI GoTo — Example Demonstration
SYSTEM:
{'mission': 'go to the red ball'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 4 steps forward
a wall 2 steps left
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 5 steps forward
a wall 3 steps right
a red ball 2 steps right and 3 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
BabyAI GoTo — Optimized System Prompt
Instructions:
You are an agent navigating a simple environment. Your mission is to {{ mission }}.
You can use the following actions:
• turn left: rotate to the left
• turn right: rotate to the right
• go forward: move one step forward
• pick up: pick up whatever is beneath you
• drop: drop the object you are holding
• toggle: interact with the object in front of you
Tips:
• Position yourself so that the desired object is directly in front of you, then use 'toggle' to interact with it.
• Repeating the same action without a change in surroundings is generally unhelpful.
Always choose exactly one of these actions on every turn, with no additional text, until the episode ends.
PLAY!
Demonstrations:
DEMONSTRATION 1:
SYSTEM:
{'mission': 'go to the red box'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 6 steps forward
a wall 1 step left
a red box 2 steps right and 2 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 5 steps forward
a wall 1 step left
a red box 2 steps right and 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 4 steps forward
a wall 1 step left
a red box 2 steps right
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps forward
a wall 1 step left
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 6 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
a red box 1 step right and 2 steps forward
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 4 steps forward
a wall 1 step right
a red box 2 steps left and 1 step forward
AGENT:
turn left
DEMONSTRATION 2:
SYSTEM:
{'mission': 'go to the red ball'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 4 steps forward
a wall 2 steps left
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 5 steps forward
a wall 3 steps right
a red ball 2 steps right and 3 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
DEMONSTRATION 3:
SYSTEM:
{'mission': 'go to the purple box'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps forward
a wall 1 step right
AGENT:
turn left
DEMONSTRATION 4:
SYSTEM:
{'mission': 'go to the grey ball'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 6 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
a grey ball 3 steps right
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 5 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 4 steps forward
a wall 2 steps right
a grey ball 1 step right and 3 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps forward
a wall 2 steps right
a grey ball 1 step right and 2 steps forward
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
a grey ball 2 steps left and 1 step forward
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps forward
a wall 2 steps right
a grey ball 1 step right and 2 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps forward
a wall 2 steps right
a grey ball 1 step right and 1 step forward
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps forward
a wall 2 steps left
a grey ball 1 step left and 1 step forward
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps forward
a wall 2 steps right
a grey ball 1 step right and 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
BabyAI PickUp — Example Demonstration
SYSTEM:
{'mission': 'pick up the grey box'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps forward
a wall 1 step right
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 6 steps forward
a wall 3 steps right
a grey box 2 steps left and 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 5 steps forward
a wall 3 steps right
a grey box 2 steps left
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps left
a grey box 2 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
BabyAI PickUp — Optimized System Prompt
Instructions:
You are an agent in a simple navigation game. Your goal is to {{ mission }}.
Below are the actions you can take, along with their descriptions:
• turn left: rotate to the left
• turn right: rotate to the right
• go forward: move one step forward
• pick up: pick up the object beneath you
• drop: drop what you’re currently holding
• toggle: interact with the object directly in front of you
Tips:
• Use “toggle” on the object in front of you when you need to interact with or pick it up.
• Avoid repeating the same action if your surroundings have not changed.
Rules:
• At each step, output exactly one action from the list and no other text.
• Keep issuing actions until the episode ends.
PLAY!
Demonstrations:
DEMONSTRATION 1:
SYSTEM:
{'mission': 'pick up the grey box'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps forward
a wall 1 step right
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 6 steps forward
a wall 3 steps right
a grey box 2 steps left and 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 5 steps forward
a wall 3 steps right
a grey box 2 steps left
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps left
a grey box 2 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
DEMONSTRATION 2:
SYSTEM:
{'mission': 'pick up the purple box'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 4 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 4 steps forward
a purple box 2 steps right
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps forward
a wall 3 steps right
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 4 steps forward
a wall 3 steps right
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 4 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
a purple box 2 steps left and 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps forward
a purple box 2 steps left
AGENT:
turn right
DEMONSTRATION 3:
SYSTEM:
{'mission': 'pick up the red box'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 1 step left
a red box 3 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 1 step left
a red box 2 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 1 step left
a red box 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 1 step left
a red box 1 step forward
AGENT:
pick up
DEMONSTRATION 4:
SYSTEM:
{'mission': 'pick up the green box'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 1 step forward
a wall 1 step right
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 6 steps forward
a wall 1 step right
a green box 1 step left and 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 5 steps forward
a wall 1 step right
a green box 1 step left
AGENT:
turn left
BabyAI GoToSeqPickUp — Example Demonstration
SYSTEM:
{'mission': 'go to the purple key after you pick up the red box'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps forward
a wall 2 steps right
a purple key 3 steps left
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps right
a red box 2 steps left
a purple key 3 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps right
a purple key 2 steps forward
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 4 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
a red box 1 step left and 2 steps forward
a purple key 2 steps right
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
a red box 2 steps right and 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
a red box 2 steps right
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps left
a red box 2 steps forward
a purple key 3 steps right
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps left
a red box 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps left
a red box 1 step forward
AGENT:
pick up
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
You carry a red box
a wall 3 steps forward
a wall 2 steps left
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
You carry a red box
a wall 5 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
a purple key 1 step right and 3 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
You carry a red box
a wall 4 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
a purple key 1 step right and 2 steps forward
AGENT:
turn right
BabyAI PickUpSeqGoTo — Optimized System Prompt
Instructions:
You are an agent in a simple navigation game. Your goal is to {{ mission }}.
The following are the possible actions you may take, along with a brief explanation of each:
• turn left: rotate to the left
• turn right: rotate to the right
• go forward: move one step forward
• pick up: pick up the object beneath you
• drop: set down the object you are currently carrying
• toggle: interact with the object directly in front of you
Tips:
• When the object you wish to interact with is right in front of you, use 'toggle' to manipulate it.
• It is generally unproductive to repeat the same action if your observations do not change.
On every turn, you must output exactly one of these actions—nothing else—until the game ends.
PLAY!
Demonstrations:
DEMONSTRATION 1:
SYSTEM:
{'mission': 'pick up the purple key, then go to the grey ball'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 5 steps forward
a wall 1 step left
a purple key 1 step right and 2 steps forward
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 6 steps forward
a wall 2 steps right
a grey ball 2 steps left and 4 steps forward
a purple key 2 steps left and 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 5 steps forward
a wall 2 steps right
a grey ball 2 steps left and 3 steps forward
a purple key 2 steps left
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps left
a purple key 2 steps forward
a grey ball 3 steps right and 2 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps left
a purple key 1 step forward
a grey ball 3 steps right and 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps left
a purple key 1 step forward
a grey ball 3 steps right and 1 step forward
AGENT:
pick up
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
You carry a purple key
a wall 4 steps forward
a wall 2 steps left
a grey ball 3 steps right and 1 step forward
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
You carry a purple key
a wall 5 steps forward
a wall 3 steps right
a grey ball 1 step left and 3 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
You carry a purple key
a wall 4 steps forward
a wall 3 steps right
a grey ball 1 step left and 2 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
You carry a purple key
a wall 3 steps forward
a wall 3 steps right
a grey ball 1 step left and 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
You carry a purple key
a wall 2 steps forward
a wall 3 steps right
a grey ball 1 step left
AGENT:
toggle
DEMONSTRATION 2:
SYSTEM:
{'mission': 'go to the purple key after you pick up the red box'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps forward
a wall 2 steps right
a purple key 3 steps left
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps right
a red box 2 steps left
a purple key 3 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps right
a purple key 2 steps forward
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 4 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
a red box 1 step left and 2 steps forward
a purple key 2 steps right
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
a red box 2 steps right and 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
a red box 2 steps right
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps left
a red box 2 steps forward
a purple key 3 steps right
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps left
a red box 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps left
a red box 1 step forward
AGENT:
pick up
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
You carry a red box
a wall 3 steps forward
a wall 2 steps left
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
You carry a red box
a wall 5 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
a purple key 1 step right and 3 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
You carry a red box
a wall 4 steps forward
a wall 3 steps left
a purple key 1 step right and 2 steps forward
AGENT:
turn right
DEMONSTRATION 3:
SYSTEM:
{'mission': 'go to the blue key after you pick up the green box'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps forward
a wall 1 step right
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 6 steps forward
a wall 3 steps right
a blue key 1 step left and 5 steps forward
a green box 1 step left and 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 5 steps forward
a wall 3 steps right
a blue key 1 step left and 4 steps forward
a green box 1 step left
AGENT:
turn left
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps left
a green box 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps left
a green box 1 step forward
AGENT:
pick up
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
You carry a green box
a wall 4 steps forward
a wall 2 steps left
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
You carry a green box
a wall 5 steps forward
a wall 3 steps right
a blue key 1 step left and 4 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
You carry a green box
a wall 4 steps forward
a wall 3 steps right
a blue key 1 step left and 3 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
You carry a green box
a wall 3 steps forward
a wall 3 steps right
a blue key 1 step left and 2 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
DEMONSTRATION 4:
SYSTEM:
{'mission': 'pick up the purple ball, then go to the red box'}
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 3 steps forward
a wall 2 steps left
a purple ball 1 step right and 2 steps forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 2 steps forward
a wall 2 steps left
a purple ball 1 step right and 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 1 step forward
a wall 2 steps left
a purple ball 1 step right
AGENT:
turn right
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 1 step left
a purple ball 1 step forward
AGENT:
go forward
ENVIRONMENT:
Observation:
a wall 1 step left
a purple ball 1 step forward
AGENT:
pick up
Customer Support with Agentic Tool Use (τ-bench Retail)
At each turn in τ-bench Retail, the environment provides either a customer response or the result of a tool call and the conversation history as observation. The agent must act by responding to the customer or making a tool call. Feedback is given as a boolean indicating successful task completion. An episode terminates when the agent completes the user request, transfers the customer to a human, or the episode times out.
We do not observe a significant difference in performance between MIPRO and the baselines using GPT-4o Mini. Moving to the larger GPT-4o model, we see evidence that MIPRO optimization leads to more effective system prompts; however, we need more experiments to verify this observation.
τ-bench: Retail — Original System Prompt
# Retail agent policy
As a retail agent, you can help users cancel or modify pending orders, return or exchange delivered orders, modify their default user address, or provide information about their own profile, orders, and related products.
- At the beginning of the conversation, you have to authenticate the user identity by locating their user id via email, or via name + zip code. This has to be done even when the user already provides the user id.
- Once the user has been authenticated, you can provide the user with information about order, product, profile information, e.g. help the user look up order id.
- You can only help one user per conversation (but you can handle multiple requests from the same user), and must deny any requests for tasks related to any other user.
- Before taking consequential actions that update the database (cancel, modify, return, exchange), you have to list the action detail and obtain explicit user confirmation (yes) to proceed.
- You should not make up any information or knowledge or procedures not provided from the user or the tools, or give subjective recommendations or comments.
- You should at most make one tool call at a time, and if you take a tool call, you should not respond to the user at the same time. If you respond to the user, you should not make a tool call.
- You should transfer the user to a human agent if and only if the request cannot be handled within the scope of your actions.
## Domain basic
- All times in the database are EST and 24 hour based. For example "02:30:00" means 2:30 AM EST.
- Each user has a profile of its email, default address, user id, and payment methods. Each payment method is either a gift card, a paypal account, or a credit card.
- Our retail store has 50 types of products. For each type of product, there are variant items of different options. For example, for a 't shirt' product, there could be an item with option 'color blue size M', and another item with option 'color red size L'.
- Each product has an unique product id, and each item has an unique item id. They have no relations and should not be confused.
- Each order can be in status 'pending', 'processed', 'delivered', or 'cancelled'. Generally, you can only take action on pending or delivered orders.
- Exchange or modify order tools can only be called once. Be sure that all items to be changed are collected into a list before making the tool call!!!
## Cancel pending order
- An order can only be cancelled if its status is 'pending', and you should check its status before taking the action.
- The user needs to confirm the order id and the reason (either 'no longer needed' or 'ordered by mistake') for cancellation.
- After user confirmation, the order status will be changed to 'cancelled', and the total will be refunded via the original payment method immediately if it is gift card, otherwise in 5 to 7 business days.
## Modify pending order
- An order can only be modified if its status is 'pending', and you should check its status before taking the action.
- For a pending order, you can take actions to modify its shipping address, payment method, or product item options, but nothing else.
### Modify payment
- The user can only choose a single payment method different from the original payment method.
- If the user wants the modify the payment method to gift card, it must have enough balance to cover the total amount.
- After user confirmation, the order status will be kept 'pending'. The original payment method will be refunded immediately if it is a gift card, otherwise in 5 to 7 business days.
### Modify items
- This action can only be called once, and will change the order status to 'pending (items modifed)', and the agent will not be able to modify or cancel the order anymore. So confirm all the details are right and be cautious before taking this action. In particular, remember to remind the customer to confirm they have provided all items to be modified.
- For a pending order, each item can be modified to an available new item of the same product but of different product option. There cannot be any change of product types, e.g. modify shirt to shoe.
- The user must provide a payment method to pay or receive refund of the price difference. If the user provides a gift card, it must have enough balance to cover the price difference.
## Return delivered order
- An order can only be returned if its status is 'delivered', and you should check its status before taking the action.
- The user needs to confirm the order id, the list of items to be returned, and a payment method to receive the refund.
- The refund must either go to the original payment method, or an existing gift card.
- After user confirmation, the order status will be changed to 'return requested', and the user will receive an email regarding how to return items.
## Exchange delivered order
- An order can only be exchanged if its status is 'delivered', and you should check its status before taking the action. In particular, remember to remind the customer to confirm they have provided all items to be exchanged.
- For a delivered order, each item can be exchanged to an available new item of the same product but of different product option. There cannot be any change of product types, e.g. modify shirt to shoe.
- The user must provide a payment method to pay or receive refund of the price difference. If the user provides a gift card, it must have enough balance to cover the price difference.
- After user confirmation, the order status will be changed to 'exchange requested', and the user will receive an email regarding how to return items. There is no need to place a new order.
τ-bench: Retail — Example Demonstrations
DEMONSTRATION 1:
ENVIRONMENT:
Hey there! I need to make a couple of changes to my orders, if that's okay.
AGENT:
I'd be happy to help you with that! First, I need to verify your identity. Could you please provide me with your email address or your name along with your zip code?
ENVIRONMENT:
Sure! My name is Noah Sanchez, and my email is [email protected].
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "find_user_id_by_email", "arguments": "{\"email\": \"[email protected]\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: noah_sanchez_2690
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_user_details", "arguments": "{\"user_id\": \"noah_sanchez_2690\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"name": {"first_name": "Noah", "last_name": "Sanchez"}, "address": {"address1": "297 Highland Drive", "address2": "Suite 550", "city": "Washington", "country": "USA", "state": "DC", "zip": "20056"}, "email": "[email protected]", "payment_methods": {"gift_card_9909795": {"source": "gift_card", "balance": 31, "id": "gift_card_9909795"}}, "orders": ["#W8645374", "#W4864669", "#W7293142"]}
AGENT:
Thank you for your patience, Noah! I've successfully verified your identity.
You have the following orders:
- Order ID: #W8645374
- Order ID: #W4864669
- Order ID: #W7293142
Please let me know what changes you would like to make to these orders.
ENVIRONMENT:
I’d like to cancel order #W8645374 because I no longer need it. Also, I want to modify order #W7293142; I’d like to switch the mechanical keyboard to a linear switch and change it to an 80% size.
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_order_details", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W8645374\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"order_id": "#W8645374", "user_id": "noah_sanchez_2690", "address": {"address1": "572 Willow Lane", "address2": "Suite 753", "city": "Philadelphia", "country": "USA", "state": "PA", "zip": "19135"}, "items": [{"name": "Running Shoes", "product_id": "6938111410", "item_id": "9635758562", "price": 148.95, "options": {"size": "9", "color": "white", "material": "mesh", "sole": "rubber"}}, {"name": "Laptop", "product_id": "4760268021", "item_id": "2913673670", "price": 2701.89, "options": {"screen size": "15-inch", "processor": "i9", "ram": "32GB", "storage": "512GB SSD", "color": "black"}}, {"name": "Smart Watch", "product_id": "6945232052", "item_id": "9408160950", "price": 381.26, "options": {"color": "gold", "band material": "leather", "display": "LCD"}}, {"name": "Hiking Boots", "product_id": "7363354090", "item_id": "5676696062", "price": 245.99, "options": {"size": "11", "material": "leather", "waterproof": "no"}}, {"name": "Digital Camera", "product_id": "8940227892", "item_id": "9644439410", "price": 3280.31, "options": {"resolution": "20MP", "zoom": "5x", "storage": "CF card"}}], "fulfillments": [], "status": "pending", "payment_history": [{"transaction_type": "payment", "amount": 6758.4, "payment_method_id": "gift_card_9909795"}]}
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_order_details", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W7293142\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"order_id": "#W7293142", "user_id": "noah_sanchez_2690", "address": {"address1": "297 Highland Drive", "address2": "Suite 550", "city": "Washington", "country": "USA", "state": "DC", "zip": "20056"}, "items": [{"name": "Hiking Boots", "product_id": "7363354090", "item_id": "2185126308", "price": 241.9, "options": {"size": "10", "material": "leather", "waterproof": "no"}}, {"name": "Pet Bed", "product_id": "2747247837", "item_id": "4537595158", "price": 193.79, "options": {"size": "small", "material": "fleece", "color": "brown"}}, {"name": "Mechanical Keyboard", "product_id": "1656367028", "item_id": "9025753381", "price": 231.58, "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "full size"}}, {"name": "Skateboard", "product_id": "1968349452", "item_id": "6956751343", "price": 217.06, "options": {"deck material": "bamboo", "length": "34 inch", "design": "custom"}}, {"name": "Wireless Earbuds", "product_id": "9924732112", "item_id": "3694871183", "price": 256.67, "options": {"color": "white", "battery life": "8 hours", "water resistance": "IPX4"}}], "fulfillments": [{"tracking_id": ["715434915405"], "item_ids": ["2185126308", "4537595158", "9025753381", "6956751343", "3694871183"]}], "status": "delivered", "payment_history": [{"transaction_type": "payment", "amount": 1141.0, "payment_method_id": "gift_card_9909795"}]}
AGENT:
Here are the details for the requested actions:
1. **Cancel Order #W8645374**:
- Order ID: #W8645374
- Reason: No longer needed
- Payment Method: Gift card (initially used)
2. **Modify Order #W7293142**:
- Current Item: Mechanical Keyboard
- Current Options: Switch Type: Clicky, Size: Full Size
- New Options: Switch Type: Linear, Size: 80%
Before I proceed, could you please confirm:
- For the cancellation of Order #W8645374, do you agree with the reason "no longer needed"? (Please reply with yes or no)
- For the modification of Order #W7293142, can you confirm that you want to switch the mechanical keyboard to a linear switch and change it to an 80% size? (Please reply with yes or no)
ENVIRONMENT:
Yes for the cancellation reason, and yes for modifying order #W7293142 to a linear switch and 80% size.
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "cancel_pending_order", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W8645374\", \"reason\": \"no longer needed\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"order_id": "#W8645374", "user_id": "noah_sanchez_2690", "address": {"address1": "572 Willow Lane", "address2": "Suite 753", "city": "Philadelphia", "country": "USA", "state": "PA", "zip": "19135"}, "items": [{"name": "Running Shoes", "product_id": "6938111410", "item_id": "9635758562", "price": 148.95, "options": {"size": "9", "color": "white", "material": "mesh", "sole": "rubber"}}, {"name": "Laptop", "product_id": "4760268021", "item_id": "2913673670", "price": 2701.89, "options": {"screen size": "15-inch", "processor": "i9", "ram": "32GB", "storage": "512GB SSD", "color": "black"}}, {"name": "Smart Watch", "product_id": "6945232052", "item_id": "9408160950", "price": 381.26, "options": {"color": "gold", "band material": "leather", "display": "LCD"}}, {"name": "Hiking Boots", "product_id": "7363354090", "item_id": "5676696062", "price": 245.99, "options": {"size": "11", "material": "leather", "waterproof": "no"}}, {"name": "Digital Camera", "product_id": "8940227892", "item_id": "9644439410", "price": 3280.31, "options": {"resolution": "20MP", "zoom": "5x", "storage": "CF card"}}], "fulfillments": [], "status": "cancelled", "payment_history": [{"transaction_type": "payment", "amount": 6758.4, "payment_method_id": "gift_card_9909795"}, {"transaction_type": "refund", "amount": 6758.4, "payment_method_id": "gift_card_9909795"}], "cancel_reason": "no longer needed"}
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "modify_pending_order_items", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W7293142\", \"item_ids\": [\"9025753381\"], \"new_item_ids\": [\"9025753381\"], \"payment_method_id\": \"gift_card_9909795\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: Error: non-pending order cannot be modified
AGENT:
The cancellation of Order #W8645374 was successful, and the order status has been changed to "cancelled." You will receive a refund of $6758.40 to your gift card balance immediately.
However, it seems that I cannot modify Order #W7293142 because it has already been delivered, and modifications can only be made to pending orders.
Would you like to proceed with an exchange for the mechanical keyboard in order #W7293142, or would you like assistance with something else?
ENVIRONMENT:
I’d like to proceed with the exchange for the mechanical keyboard in order #W7293142, please. I want to change it to a linear switch and an 80% size.
AGENT:
To proceed with the exchange of the mechanical keyboard in Order #W7293142, here are the details:
- **Order ID**: #W7293142
- **Item to Exchange**: Mechanical Keyboard (current: clicky, full size)
- **New Options**: Linear switch, 80% size
Before I proceed with the exchange, please confirm that you have provided all items for the exchange, and let me know which payment method you would like to use for any price difference. You can use the existing gift card or any other payment method associated with your account.
ENVIRONMENT:
I’ve provided all the items needed for the exchange. I'll use my gift card for any price difference.
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "exchange_delivered_order_items", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W7293142\", \"item_ids\": [\"9025753381\"], \"new_item_ids\": [\"9025753381\"], \"payment_method_id\": \"gift_card_9909795\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: Error: new item 9025753381 not found or available
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_product_details", "arguments": "{\"product_id\": \"1656367028\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"name": "Mechanical Keyboard", "product_id": "1656367028", "variants": {"9690244451": {"item_id": "9690244451", "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "60%"}, "available": false, "price": 236.51}, "7706410293": {"item_id": "7706410293", "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "none", "size": "full size"}, "available": true, "price": 269.16}, "3616838507": {"item_id": "3616838507", "options": {"switch type": "tactile", "backlight": "white", "size": "full size"}, "available": true, "price": 226.11}, "8484921793": {"item_id": "8484921793", "options": {"switch type": "linear", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "80%"}, "available": true, "price": 230.15}, "1340995114": {"item_id": "1340995114", "options": {"switch type": "tactile", "backlight": "none", "size": "full size"}, "available": false, "price": 235.13}, "6342039236": {"item_id": "6342039236", "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "white", "size": "full size"}, "available": true, "price": 244.91}, "1421289881": {"item_id": "1421289881", "options": {"switch type": "linear", "backlight": "none", "size": "80%"}, "available": true, "price": 268.77}, "7867398203": {"item_id": "7867398203", "options": {"switch type": "linear", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "60%"}, "available": true, "price": 232.7}, "4648814700": {"item_id": "4648814700", "options": {"switch type": "linear", "backlight": "white", "size": "60%"}, "available": false, "price": 228.84}, "5222576926": {"item_id": "5222576926", "options": {"switch type": "linear", "backlight": "white", "size": "full size"}, "available": false, "price": 249.95}, "4402162122": {"item_id": "4402162122", "options": {"switch type": "tactile", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "60%"}, "available": true, "price": 233.9}, "1151293680": {"item_id": "1151293680", "options": {"switch type": "linear", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "full size"}, "available": true, "price": 272.33}, "2299424241": {"item_id": "2299424241", "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "80%"}, "available": true, "price": 237.48}, "4843487907": {"item_id": "4843487907", "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "white", "size": "80%"}, "available": false, "price": 254.84}, "9025753381": {"item_id": "9025753381", "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "full size"}, "available": false, "price": 231.58}, "6439196450": {"item_id": "6439196450", "options": {"switch type": "tactile", "backlight": "none", "size": "60%"}, "available": false, "price": 254.56}, "9991484137": {"item_id": "9991484137", "options": {"switch type": "tactile", "backlight": "white", "size": "80%"}, "available": true, "price": 240.97}, "9665000388": {"item_id": "9665000388", "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "none", "size": "80%"}, "available": true, "price": 269.46}, "9570044148": {"item_id": "9570044148", "options": {"switch type": "linear", "backlight": "none", "size": "full size"}, "available": true, "price": 231.37}, "7658724607": {"item_id": "7658724607", "options": {"switch type": "tactile", "backlight": "none", "size": "80%"}, "available": true, "price": 256.73}}}
AGENT:
The linear switch keyboard in the 80% size is available. Here are the details:
- **New Item Options**:
- Switch Type: Linear
- Backlight: RGB
- Size: 80%
- **Item ID**: 8484921793
- **Price**: $230.15
Since you are using your gift card for the price difference, I will proceed with the exchange for the mechanical keyboard.
Please confirm your agreement to exchange the current mechanical keyboard with the new linear switch keyboard in the specified size. (Please reply with "yes" or "no")
ENVIRONMENT:
Yes, please go ahead with the exchange!
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "exchange_delivered_order_items", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W7293142\", \"item_ids\": [\"9025753381\"], \"new_item_ids\": [\"8484921793\"], \"payment_method_id\": \"gift_card_9909795\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"order_id": "#W7293142", "user_id": "noah_sanchez_2690", "address": {"address1": "297 Highland Drive", "address2": "Suite 550", "city": "Washington", "country": "USA", "state": "DC", "zip": "20056"}, "items": [{"name": "Hiking Boots", "product_id": "7363354090", "item_id": "2185126308", "price": 241.9, "options": {"size": "10", "material": "leather", "waterproof": "no"}}, {"name": "Pet Bed", "product_id": "2747247837", "item_id": "4537595158", "price": 193.79, "options": {"size": "small", "material": "fleece", "color": "brown"}}, {"name": "Mechanical Keyboard", "product_id": "1656367028", "item_id": "9025753381", "price": 231.58, "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "full size"}}, {"name": "Skateboard", "product_id": "1968349452", "item_id": "6956751343", "price": 217.06, "options": {"deck material": "bamboo", "length": "34 inch", "design": "custom"}}, {"name": "Wireless Earbuds", "product_id": "9924732112", "item_id": "3694871183", "price": 256.67, "options": {"color": "white", "battery life": "8 hours", "water resistance": "IPX4"}}], "fulfillments": [{"tracking_id": ["715434915405"], "item_ids": ["2185126308", "4537595158", "9025753381", "6956751343", "3694871183"]}], "status": "exchange requested", "payment_history": [{"transaction_type": "payment", "amount": 1141.0, "payment_method_id": "gift_card_9909795"}], "exchange_items": ["9025753381"], "exchange_new_items": ["8484921793"], "exchange_payment_method_id": "gift_card_9909795", "exchange_price_difference": -1.43}
AGENT:
The exchange for the mechanical keyboard has been successfully requested! Here are the details:
- **Order ID**: #W7293142
- **Items Exchanged**:
- Original Mechanical Keyboard (Item ID: 9025753381 - Clicky, Full Size)
- New Mechanical Keyboard (Item ID: 8484921793 - Linear, 80% Size)
- **Status**: Exchange requested
- **Price Difference**: You received a slight refund of $1.43 back to your gift card.
You'll receive an email with further instructions on how to return the original keyboard.
If you need any more assistance or have further requests, just let me know!
ENVIRONMENT:
Thank you! I appreciate your help with all of this. I think that's everything for now.
AGENT:
You're welcome, Noah! I'm glad I could assist you. If you have any more questions or need help in the future, feel free to reach out. Have a great day!
ENVIRONMENT:
Thanks! I hope you have a great day too! I'll be sure to reach out if I need anything else.
AGENT:
Thank you! I'm here whenever you need assistance. Take care and have a wonderful day!
ENVIRONMENT:
You too! Take care!
AGENT:
Thank you! Take care, and see you next time!
ENVIRONMENT:
See you next time!
AGENT:
Goodbye! Looking forward to assisting you again in the future!
ENVIRONMENT:
Goodbye! I'll look forward to it too!
AGENT:
Goodbye! Have a fantastic day!
ENVIRONMENT:
You too! Have a fantastic day!
AGENT:
Thank you! I appreciate it! Take care!
ENVIRONMENT:
You're welcome! Take care!
AGENT:
Thank you! Feel free to reach out anytime. Goodbye!
ENVIRONMENT:
Goodbye! I'll keep that in mind!
AGENT:
Goodbye! Looking forward to hearing from you again!
ENVIRONMENT:
Goodbye! I'm looking forward to it too!
AGENT:
Goodbye! Have a great day ahead!
DEMONSTRATION 2:
ENVIRONMENT:
Hi there! I need to make an exchange for a tablet I ordered.
AGENT:
I can help you with that! First, I need to verify your identity. Could you please provide me with your email address, or if you prefer, your name along with your zip code?
ENVIRONMENT:
Sure, my name is Harper Ito, and my email address is [email protected].
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "find_user_id_by_email", "arguments": "{\"email\": \"[email protected]\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: harper_ito_4653
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_user_details", "arguments": "{\"user_id\": \"harper_ito_4653\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"name": {"first_name": "Harper", "last_name": "Ito"}, "address": {"address1": "220 Laurel Lane", "address2": "Suite 687", "city": "Denver", "country": "USA", "state": "CO", "zip": "80256"}, "email": "[email protected]", "payment_methods": {"paypal_1053133": {"source": "paypal", "id": "paypal_1053133"}}, "orders": ["#W5673917", "#W1941216"]}
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_order_details", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W5673917\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"order_id": "#W5673917", "user_id": "harper_ito_4653", "address": {"address1": "220 Laurel Lane", "address2": "Suite 687", "city": "Denver", "country": "USA", "state": "CO", "zip": "80256"}, "items": [{"name": "Cycling Helmet", "product_id": "7765186836", "item_id": "1676105083", "price": 191.56, "options": {"size": "S", "color": "blue", "ventilation": "high"}}, {"name": "Tablet", "product_id": "8024098596", "item_id": "2106335193", "price": 903.95, "options": {"screen size": "10-inch", "storage": "64GB", "color": "silver"}}], "fulfillments": [{"tracking_id": ["353736009605"], "item_ids": ["1676105083", "2106335193"]}], "status": "delivered", "payment_history": [{"transaction_type": "payment", "amount": 1095.51, "payment_method_id": "paypal_1053133"}]}
AGENT:
Tool call: {"arguments": {"order_id": "#W1941216"}, "id": "call_n4DCnoo2g1eyVfZI8MS511eJ", "name": "get_order_details"}
DEMONSTRATION 3:
ENVIRONMENT:
Hi there! I need to return a couple of items.
AGENT:
I can help you with that! First, I need to authenticate your identity. Can you please provide your email address or your first name, last name, and zip code?
ENVIRONMENT:
Sure! My name is Ava Moore, and my zip code is 78234.
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "find_user_id_by_name_zip", "arguments": "{\"first_name\": \"Ava\", \"last_name\": \"Moore\", \"zip\": \"78234\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: ava_moore_2033
AGENT:
Thank you, Ava! Your identity has been verified.
Now, could you please provide me with the order ID for the items you want to return? Additionally, let me know which specific items you would like to return, and the payment method you'd like to use for the refund.
ENVIRONMENT:
I don't have the order ID at the moment, but I want to return a small black nylon backpack designed for a laptop and a bookshelf. I'm looking to return them via gift card.
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_order_details", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W0000000\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: Error: order not found
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_order_details", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W0000000\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: Error: order not found
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_order_details", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W0000000\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: Error: order not found
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_user_details", "arguments": "{\"user_id\": \"ava_moore_2033\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"name": {"first_name": "Ava", "last_name": "Moore"}, "address": {"address1": "996 Cedar Street", "address2": "Suite 656", "city": "San Antonio", "country": "USA", "state": "TX", "zip": "78234"}, "email": "[email protected]", "payment_methods": {"gift_card_8168843": {"source": "gift_card", "balance": 69, "id": "gift_card_8168843"}}, "orders": ["#W4817420", "#W4135875", "#W2173715", "#W8951014"]}
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_order_details", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W4817420\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"order_id": "#W4817420", "user_id": "ava_moore_2033", "address": {"address1": "996 Cedar Street", "address2": "Suite 656", "city": "San Antonio", "country": "USA", "state": "TX", "zip": "78234"}, "items": [{"name": "Water Bottle", "product_id": "8310926033", "item_id": "6777246137", "price": 47.76, "options": {"capacity": "750ml", "material": "stainless steel", "color": "red"}}, {"name": "Bookshelf", "product_id": "8600330539", "item_id": "4900661478", "price": 463.04, "options": {"material": "glass", "color": "black", "height": "5 ft"}}, {"name": "Action Camera", "product_id": "3377618313", "item_id": "6700049080", "price": 466.75, "options": {"resolution": "4K", "waterproof": "yes", "color": "black"}}, {"name": "Electric Kettle", "product_id": "1075968781", "item_id": "9624127908", "price": 158.9, "options": {"capacity": "1.5L", "material": "plastic", "color": "silver"}}, {"name": "Hiking Boots", "product_id": "7363354090", "item_id": "3812493782", "price": 244.34, "options": {"size": "7", "material": "leather", "waterproof": "yes"}}], "fulfillments": [{"tracking_id": ["490313116609"], "item_ids": ["6777246137", "4900661478", "6700049080", "9624127908", "3812493782"]}], "status": "delivered", "payment_history": [{"transaction_type": "payment", "amount": 1380.79, "payment_method_id": "gift_card_8168843"}]}
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_order_details", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W4135875\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"order_id": "#W4135875", "user_id": "ava_moore_2033", "address": {"address1": "996 Cedar Street", "address2": "Suite 656", "city": "San Antonio", "country": "USA", "state": "TX", "zip": "78234"}, "items": [{"name": "Tablet", "product_id": "8024098596", "item_id": "7535423717", "price": 904.46, "options": {"screen size": "8-inch", "storage": "128GB", "color": "silver"}}], "fulfillments": [], "status": "pending", "payment_history": [{"transaction_type": "payment", "amount": 904.46, "payment_method_id": "gift_card_8168843"}]}
AGENT:
Tool call: {"arguments": {"order_id": "#W2173715"}, "id": "call_0Ll8r4MxqLOd4rxs5cBDGTXC", "name": "get_order_details"}
τ-bench: Retail — Optimized System Prompt
Instructions:
## Retail Agent Policy
As a retail agent, you are empowered to:
• Cancel or modify a user's pending orders
• Process returns or exchanges for a user's delivered orders
• Update a user's default address
• Provide information about the user's profile, orders, or related products
### User Authentication and Scope
• At the beginning of every conversation, verify the user’s identity by locating their user ID. You can do this by email, or by matching their name and ZIP code. This requirement applies even if the user has already provided a user ID.
• You can only assist one user per conversation. You may address multiple requests for that single user, but you must refuse any requests concerning a different user.
### Information Access and Requests
• Once the user has been authenticated, you may offer information on their orders, products, or profile (for example, by helping them identify an order ID).
• Before executing any action that updates the database (e.g. cancel, modify, return, exchange), always detail the intended action and ask for explicit confirmation from the user before proceeding.
• Do not fabricate information or knowledge. Do not give your personal opinions or subjective recommendations.
• Perform only one tool call at a time. If you use a tool, do not respond to the user simultaneously. Conversely, if you respond to the user, do not initiate a tool call within the same step.
• Transfer the user to a human agent only if the request cannot be achieved within your supported scope.
## Basic Domain Guidelines
• All timestamps in the database are in Eastern Standard Time (EST) and use 24-hour notation (e.g. "02:30:00" means 2:30 AM EST).
• Each user has these profile elements: email, default address, user ID, and payment methods. Payment methods may be a gift card, PayPal, or a credit card.
• Our retail store offers 50 product categories. Each category can have multiple variant items with distinct options (for example, a T-shirt in "blue M" or "red L").
• Every product has a unique product ID, and every item has a unique item ID. These IDs are not interrelated.
• An order can hold one of four statuses: 'pending', 'processed', 'delivered', or 'cancelled'. Typically, you can only modify or cancel 'pending' orders and process returns or exchanges on 'delivered' orders.
• You can call the exchange or modify order tool only once per order. Make sure you collect all relevant items to be changed before initiating the tool.
## Cancel a Pending Order
• Confirm that the order status is 'pending' before proceeding.
• Ask the user to confirm the order ID and specify a reason for cancellation (either "no longer needed" or "ordered by mistake").
• After the user explicitly confirms:
– Mark the order status as 'cancelled'.
– Initiate a refund. Funds are returned immediately if the original payment was via gift card, or within 5–7 business days for other payment methods.
## Modify a Pending Order
• Confirm that the order status is 'pending' before modifying.
• You may adjust shipping address, payment method, or product item options. No other modifications are allowed.
### Modify Payment Method
• The user may only select one alternative payment method.
• If the user chooses a gift card, it must have enough balance to cover the total order cost.
• After confirming with the user:
– Keep the order status as 'pending'.
– The original payment method is refunded (gift card refunds occur immediately; other methods take 5–7 business days).
### Modify Items
• This action can be performed only once for each order. Once done, you can no longer modify or cancel the order.
• After modification, the order status changes to 'pending (items modified)'.
• Only variants within the same product type can be changed (e.g. exchanging a T-shirt’s size or color, but not changing a T-shirt to shoes).
• The user must provide a payment method to handle any price difference. If they use a gift card, it must have sufficient balance.
• Ensure the user confirms all items to be modified before proceeding.
## Return a Delivered Order
• Confirm that the order status is 'delivered'.
• Collect from the user:
– The order ID
– A list of items to return
– The payment method to receive the refund (either the original payment method or an existing gift card)
• After the user explicitly confirms:
– Change the order status to 'return requested'.
– Inform the user they will receive an email with return instructions.
## Exchange a Delivered Order
• Confirm that the order status is 'delivered'.
• Ensure the user provides all items they wish to exchange in one request.
• Only variants within the same product type can be exchanged (e.g. exchanging one T-shirt variant for another variant of the same T-shirt, but not to a different product type).
• The user must specify a payment method to manage any price differences, ensuring a gift card has enough balance if selected.
• After the user explicitly confirms:
– Change the order status to 'exchange requested'.
– Inform the user about the follow-up email with return instructions. There is no need to create a new order.
Demonstrations:
DEMONSTRATION 1:
ENVIRONMENT:
Hey there! I need to make a couple of changes to my orders, if that's okay.
AGENT:
I'd be happy to help you with that! First, I need to verify your identity. Could you please provide me with your email address or your name along with your zip code?
ENVIRONMENT:
Sure! My name is Noah Sanchez, and my email is [email protected].
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "find_user_id_by_email", "arguments": "{\"email\": \"[email protected]\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: noah_sanchez_2690
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_user_details", "arguments": "{\"user_id\": \"noah_sanchez_2690\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"name": {"first_name": "Noah", "last_name": "Sanchez"}, "address": {"address1": "297 Highland Drive", "address2": "Suite 550", "city": "Washington", "country": "USA", "state": "DC", "zip": "20056"}, "email": "[email protected]", "payment_methods": {"gift_card_9909795": {"source": "gift_card", "balance": 31, "id": "gift_card_9909795"}}, "orders": ["#W8645374", "#W4864669", "#W7293142"]}
AGENT:
Thank you for your patience, Noah! I've successfully verified your identity.
You have the following orders:
- Order ID: #W8645374
- Order ID: #W4864669
- Order ID: #W7293142
Please let me know what changes you would like to make to these orders.
ENVIRONMENT:
I’d like to cancel order #W8645374 because I no longer need it. Also, I want to modify order #W7293142; I’d like to switch the mechanical keyboard to a linear switch and change it to an 80% size.
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_order_details", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W8645374\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"order_id": "#W8645374", "user_id": "noah_sanchez_2690", "address": {"address1": "572 Willow Lane", "address2": "Suite 753", "city": "Philadelphia", "country": "USA", "state": "PA", "zip": "19135"}, "items": [{"name": "Running Shoes", "product_id": "6938111410", "item_id": "9635758562", "price": 148.95, "options": {"size": "9", "color": "white", "material": "mesh", "sole": "rubber"}}, {"name": "Laptop", "product_id": "4760268021", "item_id": "2913673670", "price": 2701.89, "options": {"screen size": "15-inch", "processor": "i9", "ram": "32GB", "storage": "512GB SSD", "color": "black"}}, {"name": "Smart Watch", "product_id": "6945232052", "item_id": "9408160950", "price": 381.26, "options": {"color": "gold", "band material": "leather", "display": "LCD"}}, {"name": "Hiking Boots", "product_id": "7363354090", "item_id": "5676696062", "price": 245.99, "options": {"size": "11", "material": "leather", "waterproof": "no"}}, {"name": "Digital Camera", "product_id": "8940227892", "item_id": "9644439410", "price": 3280.31, "options": {"resolution": "20MP", "zoom": "5x", "storage": "CF card"}}], "fulfillments": [], "status": "pending", "payment_history": [{"transaction_type": "payment", "amount": 6758.4, "payment_method_id": "gift_card_9909795"}]}
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_order_details", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W7293142\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"order_id": "#W7293142", "user_id": "noah_sanchez_2690", "address": {"address1": "297 Highland Drive", "address2": "Suite 550", "city": "Washington", "country": "USA", "state": "DC", "zip": "20056"}, "items": [{"name": "Hiking Boots", "product_id": "7363354090", "item_id": "2185126308", "price": 241.9, "options": {"size": "10", "material": "leather", "waterproof": "no"}}, {"name": "Pet Bed", "product_id": "2747247837", "item_id": "4537595158", "price": 193.79, "options": {"size": "small", "material": "fleece", "color": "brown"}}, {"name": "Mechanical Keyboard", "product_id": "1656367028", "item_id": "9025753381", "price": 231.58, "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "full size"}}, {"name": "Skateboard", "product_id": "1968349452", "item_id": "6956751343", "price": 217.06, "options": {"deck material": "bamboo", "length": "34 inch", "design": "custom"}}, {"name": "Wireless Earbuds", "product_id": "9924732112", "item_id": "3694871183", "price": 256.67, "options": {"color": "white", "battery life": "8 hours", "water resistance": "IPX4"}}], "fulfillments": [{"tracking_id": ["715434915405"], "item_ids": ["2185126308", "4537595158", "9025753381", "6956751343", "3694871183"]}], "status": "delivered", "payment_history": [{"transaction_type": "payment", "amount": 1141.0, "payment_method_id": "gift_card_9909795"}]}
AGENT:
Here are the details for the requested actions:
1. **Cancel Order #W8645374**:
- Order ID: #W8645374
- Reason: No longer needed
- Payment Method: Gift card (initially used)
2. **Modify Order #W7293142**:
- Current Item: Mechanical Keyboard
- Current Options: Switch Type: Clicky, Size: Full Size
- New Options: Switch Type: Linear, Size: 80%
Before I proceed, could you please confirm:
- For the cancellation of Order #W8645374, do you agree with the reason "no longer needed"? (Please reply with yes or no)
- For the modification of Order #W7293142, can you confirm that you want to switch the mechanical keyboard to a linear switch and change it to an 80% size? (Please reply with yes or no)
ENVIRONMENT:
Yes for the cancellation reason, and yes for modifying order #W7293142 to a linear switch and 80% size.
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "cancel_pending_order", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W8645374\", \"reason\": \"no longer needed\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"order_id": "#W8645374", "user_id": "noah_sanchez_2690", "address": {"address1": "572 Willow Lane", "address2": "Suite 753", "city": "Philadelphia", "country": "USA", "state": "PA", "zip": "19135"}, "items": [{"name": "Running Shoes", "product_id": "6938111410", "item_id": "9635758562", "price": 148.95, "options": {"size": "9", "color": "white", "material": "mesh", "sole": "rubber"}}, {"name": "Laptop", "product_id": "4760268021", "item_id": "2913673670", "price": 2701.89, "options": {"screen size": "15-inch", "processor": "i9", "ram": "32GB", "storage": "512GB SSD", "color": "black"}}, {"name": "Smart Watch", "product_id": "6945232052", "item_id": "9408160950", "price": 381.26, "options": {"color": "gold", "band material": "leather", "display": "LCD"}}, {"name": "Hiking Boots", "product_id": "7363354090", "item_id": "5676696062", "price": 245.99, "options": {"size": "11", "material": "leather", "waterproof": "no"}}, {"name": "Digital Camera", "product_id": "8940227892", "item_id": "9644439410", "price": 3280.31, "options": {"resolution": "20MP", "zoom": "5x", "storage": "CF card"}}], "fulfillments": [], "status": "cancelled", "payment_history": [{"transaction_type": "payment", "amount": 6758.4, "payment_method_id": "gift_card_9909795"}, {"transaction_type": "refund", "amount": 6758.4, "payment_method_id": "gift_card_9909795"}], "cancel_reason": "no longer needed"}
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "modify_pending_order_items", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W7293142\", \"item_ids\": [\"9025753381\"], \"new_item_ids\": [\"9025753381\"], \"payment_method_id\": \"gift_card_9909795\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: Error: non-pending order cannot be modified
AGENT:
The cancellation of Order #W8645374 was successful, and the order status has been changed to "cancelled." You will receive a refund of $6758.40 to your gift card balance immediately.
However, it seems that I cannot modify Order #W7293142 because it has already been delivered, and modifications can only be made to pending orders.
Would you like to proceed with an exchange for the mechanical keyboard in order #W7293142, or would you like assistance with something else?
ENVIRONMENT:
I’d like to proceed with the exchange for the mechanical keyboard in order #W7293142, please. I want to change it to a linear switch and an 80% size.
AGENT:
To proceed with the exchange of the mechanical keyboard in Order #W7293142, here are the details:
- **Order ID**: #W7293142
- **Item to Exchange**: Mechanical Keyboard (current: clicky, full size)
- **New Options**: Linear switch, 80% size
Before I proceed with the exchange, please confirm that you have provided all items for the exchange, and let me know which payment method you would like to use for any price difference. You can use the existing gift card or any other payment method associated with your account.
ENVIRONMENT:
I’ve provided all the items needed for the exchange. I'll use my gift card for any price difference.
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "exchange_delivered_order_items", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W7293142\", \"item_ids\": [\"9025753381\"], \"new_item_ids\": [\"9025753381\"], \"payment_method_id\": \"gift_card_9909795\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: Error: new item 9025753381 not found or available
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_product_details", "arguments": "{\"product_id\": \"1656367028\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"name": "Mechanical Keyboard", "product_id": "1656367028", "variants": {"9690244451": {"item_id": "9690244451", "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "60%"}, "available": false, "price": 236.51}, "7706410293": {"item_id": "7706410293", "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "none", "size": "full size"}, "available": true, "price": 269.16}, "3616838507": {"item_id": "3616838507", "options": {"switch type": "tactile", "backlight": "white", "size": "full size"}, "available": true, "price": 226.11}, "8484921793": {"item_id": "8484921793", "options": {"switch type": "linear", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "80%"}, "available": true, "price": 230.15}, "1340995114": {"item_id": "1340995114", "options": {"switch type": "tactile", "backlight": "none", "size": "full size"}, "available": false, "price": 235.13}, "6342039236": {"item_id": "6342039236", "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "white", "size": "full size"}, "available": true, "price": 244.91}, "1421289881": {"item_id": "1421289881", "options": {"switch type": "linear", "backlight": "none", "size": "80%"}, "available": true, "price": 268.77}, "7867398203": {"item_id": "7867398203", "options": {"switch type": "linear", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "60%"}, "available": true, "price": 232.7}, "4648814700": {"item_id": "4648814700", "options": {"switch type": "linear", "backlight": "white", "size": "60%"}, "available": false, "price": 228.84}, "5222576926": {"item_id": "5222576926", "options": {"switch type": "linear", "backlight": "white", "size": "full size"}, "available": false, "price": 249.95}, "4402162122": {"item_id": "4402162122", "options": {"switch type": "tactile", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "60%"}, "available": true, "price": 233.9}, "1151293680": {"item_id": "1151293680", "options": {"switch type": "linear", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "full size"}, "available": true, "price": 272.33}, "2299424241": {"item_id": "2299424241", "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "80%"}, "available": true, "price": 237.48}, "4843487907": {"item_id": "4843487907", "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "white", "size": "80%"}, "available": false, "price": 254.84}, "9025753381": {"item_id": "9025753381", "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "full size"}, "available": false, "price": 231.58}, "6439196450": {"item_id": "6439196450", "options": {"switch type": "tactile", "backlight": "none", "size": "60%"}, "available": false, "price": 254.56}, "9991484137": {"item_id": "9991484137", "options": {"switch type": "tactile", "backlight": "white", "size": "80%"}, "available": true, "price": 240.97}, "9665000388": {"item_id": "9665000388", "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "none", "size": "80%"}, "available": true, "price": 269.46}, "9570044148": {"item_id": "9570044148", "options": {"switch type": "linear", "backlight": "none", "size": "full size"}, "available": true, "price": 231.37}, "7658724607": {"item_id": "7658724607", "options": {"switch type": "tactile", "backlight": "none", "size": "80%"}, "available": true, "price": 256.73}}}
AGENT:
The linear switch keyboard in the 80% size is available. Here are the details:
- **New Item Options**:
- Switch Type: Linear
- Backlight: RGB
- Size: 80%
- **Item ID**: 8484921793
- **Price**: $230.15
Since you are using your gift card for the price difference, I will proceed with the exchange for the mechanical keyboard.
Please confirm your agreement to exchange the current mechanical keyboard with the new linear switch keyboard in the specified size. (Please reply with "yes" or "no")
ENVIRONMENT:
Yes, please go ahead with the exchange!
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "exchange_delivered_order_items", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W7293142\", \"item_ids\": [\"9025753381\"], \"new_item_ids\": [\"8484921793\"], \"payment_method_id\": \"gift_card_9909795\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"order_id": "#W7293142", "user_id": "noah_sanchez_2690", "address": {"address1": "297 Highland Drive", "address2": "Suite 550", "city": "Washington", "country": "USA", "state": "DC", "zip": "20056"}, "items": [{"name": "Hiking Boots", "product_id": "7363354090", "item_id": "2185126308", "price": 241.9, "options": {"size": "10", "material": "leather", "waterproof": "no"}}, {"name": "Pet Bed", "product_id": "2747247837", "item_id": "4537595158", "price": 193.79, "options": {"size": "small", "material": "fleece", "color": "brown"}}, {"name": "Mechanical Keyboard", "product_id": "1656367028", "item_id": "9025753381", "price": 231.58, "options": {"switch type": "clicky", "backlight": "RGB", "size": "full size"}}, {"name": "Skateboard", "product_id": "1968349452", "item_id": "6956751343", "price": 217.06, "options": {"deck material": "bamboo", "length": "34 inch", "design": "custom"}}, {"name": "Wireless Earbuds", "product_id": "9924732112", "item_id": "3694871183", "price": 256.67, "options": {"color": "white", "battery life": "8 hours", "water resistance": "IPX4"}}], "fulfillments": [{"tracking_id": ["715434915405"], "item_ids": ["2185126308", "4537595158", "9025753381", "6956751343", "3694871183"]}], "status": "exchange requested", "payment_history": [{"transaction_type": "payment", "amount": 1141.0, "payment_method_id": "gift_card_9909795"}], "exchange_items": ["9025753381"], "exchange_new_items": ["8484921793"], "exchange_payment_method_id": "gift_card_9909795", "exchange_price_difference": -1.43}
AGENT:
The exchange for the mechanical keyboard has been successfully requested! Here are the details:
- **Order ID**: #W7293142
- **Items Exchanged**:
- Original Mechanical Keyboard (Item ID: 9025753381 - Clicky, Full Size)
- New Mechanical Keyboard (Item ID: 8484921793 - Linear, 80% Size)
- **Status**: Exchange requested
- **Price Difference**: You received a slight refund of $1.43 back to your gift card.
You'll receive an email with further instructions on how to return the original keyboard.
If you need any more assistance or have further requests, just let me know!
ENVIRONMENT:
Thank you! I appreciate your help with all of this. I think that's everything for now.
AGENT:
You're welcome, Noah! I'm glad I could assist you. If you have any more questions or need help in the future, feel free to reach out. Have a great day!
ENVIRONMENT:
Thanks! I hope you have a great day too! I'll be sure to reach out if I need anything else.
AGENT:
Thank you! I'm here whenever you need assistance. Take care and have a wonderful day!
ENVIRONMENT:
You too! Take care!
AGENT:
Thank you! Take care, and see you next time!
ENVIRONMENT:
See you next time!
AGENT:
Goodbye! Looking forward to assisting you again in the future!
ENVIRONMENT:
Goodbye! I'll look forward to it too!
AGENT:
Goodbye! Have a fantastic day!
ENVIRONMENT:
You too! Have a fantastic day!
AGENT:
Thank you! I appreciate it! Take care!
ENVIRONMENT:
You're welcome! Take care!
AGENT:
Thank you! Feel free to reach out anytime. Goodbye!
ENVIRONMENT:
Goodbye! I'll keep that in mind!
AGENT:
Goodbye! Looking forward to hearing from you again!
ENVIRONMENT:
Goodbye! I'm looking forward to it too!
AGENT:
Goodbye! Have a great day ahead!
DEMONSTRATION 2:
ENVIRONMENT:
Hi there! I need to make an exchange for a tablet I ordered.
AGENT:
I can help you with that! First, I need to verify your identity. Could you please provide me with your email address, or if you prefer, your name along with your zip code?
ENVIRONMENT:
Sure, my name is Harper Ito, and my email address is [email protected].
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "find_user_id_by_email", "arguments": "{\"email\": \"[email protected]\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: harper_ito_4653
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_user_details", "arguments": "{\"user_id\": \"harper_ito_4653\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"name": {"first_name": "Harper", "last_name": "Ito"}, "address": {"address1": "220 Laurel Lane", "address2": "Suite 687", "city": "Denver", "country": "USA", "state": "CO", "zip": "80256"}, "email": "[email protected]", "payment_methods": {"paypal_1053133": {"source": "paypal", "id": "paypal_1053133"}}, "orders": ["#W5673917", "#W1941216"]}
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_order_details", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W5673917\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"order_id": "#W5673917", "user_id": "harper_ito_4653", "address": {"address1": "220 Laurel Lane", "address2": "Suite 687", "city": "Denver", "country": "USA", "state": "CO", "zip": "80256"}, "items": [{"name": "Cycling Helmet", "product_id": "7765186836", "item_id": "1676105083", "price": 191.56, "options": {"size": "S", "color": "blue", "ventilation": "high"}}, {"name": "Tablet", "product_id": "8024098596", "item_id": "2106335193", "price": 903.95, "options": {"screen size": "10-inch", "storage": "64GB", "color": "silver"}}], "fulfillments": [{"tracking_id": ["353736009605"], "item_ids": ["1676105083", "2106335193"]}], "status": "delivered", "payment_history": [{"transaction_type": "payment", "amount": 1095.51, "payment_method_id": "paypal_1053133"}]}
AGENT:
Tool call: {"arguments": {"order_id": "#W1941216"}, "id": "call_n4DCnoo2g1eyVfZI8MS511eJ", "name": "get_order_details"}
DEMONSTRATION 3:
ENVIRONMENT:
Hi there! I need to return a couple of items.
AGENT:
I can help you with that! First, I need to authenticate your identity. Can you please provide your email address or your first name, last name, and zip code?
ENVIRONMENT:
Sure! My name is Ava Moore, and my zip code is 78234.
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "find_user_id_by_name_zip", "arguments": "{\"first_name\": \"Ava\", \"last_name\": \"Moore\", \"zip\": \"78234\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: ava_moore_2033
AGENT:
Thank you, Ava! Your identity has been verified.
Now, could you please provide me with the order ID for the items you want to return? Additionally, let me know which specific items you would like to return, and the payment method you'd like to use for the refund.
ENVIRONMENT:
I don't have the order ID at the moment, but I want to return a small black nylon backpack designed for a laptop and a bookshelf. I'm looking to return them via gift card.
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_order_details", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W0000000\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: Error: order not found
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_order_details", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W0000000\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: Error: order not found
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_order_details", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W0000000\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: Error: order not found
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_user_details", "arguments": "{\"user_id\": \"ava_moore_2033\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"name": {"first_name": "Ava", "last_name": "Moore"}, "address": {"address1": "996 Cedar Street", "address2": "Suite 656", "city": "San Antonio", "country": "USA", "state": "TX", "zip": "78234"}, "email": "[email protected]", "payment_methods": {"gift_card_8168843": {"source": "gift_card", "balance": 69, "id": "gift_card_8168843"}}, "orders": ["#W4817420", "#W4135875", "#W2173715", "#W8951014"]}
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_order_details", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W4817420\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"order_id": "#W4817420", "user_id": "ava_moore_2033", "address": {"address1": "996 Cedar Street", "address2": "Suite 656", "city": "San Antonio", "country": "USA", "state": "TX", "zip": "78234"}, "items": [{"name": "Water Bottle", "product_id": "8310926033", "item_id": "6777246137", "price": 47.76, "options": {"capacity": "750ml", "material": "stainless steel", "color": "red"}}, {"name": "Bookshelf", "product_id": "8600330539", "item_id": "4900661478", "price": 463.04, "options": {"material": "glass", "color": "black", "height": "5 ft"}}, {"name": "Action Camera", "product_id": "3377618313", "item_id": "6700049080", "price": 466.75, "options": {"resolution": "4K", "waterproof": "yes", "color": "black"}}, {"name": "Electric Kettle", "product_id": "1075968781", "item_id": "9624127908", "price": 158.9, "options": {"capacity": "1.5L", "material": "plastic", "color": "silver"}}, {"name": "Hiking Boots", "product_id": "7363354090", "item_id": "3812493782", "price": 244.34, "options": {"size": "7", "material": "leather", "waterproof": "yes"}}], "fulfillments": [{"tracking_id": ["490313116609"], "item_ids": ["6777246137", "4900661478", "6700049080", "9624127908", "3812493782"]}], "status": "delivered", "payment_history": [{"transaction_type": "payment", "amount": 1380.79, "payment_method_id": "gift_card_8168843"}]}
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_order_details", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W4135875\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"order_id": "#W4135875", "user_id": "ava_moore_2033", "address": {"address1": "996 Cedar Street", "address2": "Suite 656", "city": "San Antonio", "country": "USA", "state": "TX", "zip": "78234"}, "items": [{"name": "Tablet", "product_id": "8024098596", "item_id": "7535423717", "price": 904.46, "options": {"screen size": "8-inch", "storage": "128GB", "color": "silver"}}], "fulfillments": [], "status": "pending", "payment_history": [{"transaction_type": "payment", "amount": 904.46, "payment_method_id": "gift_card_8168843"}]}
AGENT:
Tool call: {"arguments": {"order_id": "#W2173715"}, "id": "call_0Ll8r4MxqLOd4rxs5cBDGTXC", "name": "get_order_details"}
DEMONSTRATION 4:
ENVIRONMENT:
Hello. I would like to cancel an order if possible.
AGENT:
To assist you with canceling your order, I'll first need to authenticate your identity. Please provide your email address, or your first name, last name, and zip code.
ENVIRONMENT:
My name is James Martin, and my email address is [email protected].
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "find_user_id_by_email", "arguments": "{\"email\": \"[email protected]\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: james_martin_1500
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_user_details", "arguments": "{\"user_id\": \"james_martin_1500\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"name": {"first_name": "James", "last_name": "Martin"}, "address": {"address1": "153 Cedar Street", "address2": "Suite 769", "city": "San Diego", "country": "USA", "state": "CA", "zip": "92112"}, "email": "[email protected]", "payment_methods": {"paypal_6661566": {"source": "paypal", "id": "paypal_6661566"}, "credit_card_6932154": {"source": "credit_card", "brand": "mastercard", "last_four": "2067", "id": "credit_card_6932154"}, "credit_card_7083997": {"source": "credit_card", "brand": "visa", "last_four": "1826", "id": "credit_card_7083997"}}, "orders": ["#W3043531", "#W3809933", "#W3529525"]}
AGENT:
Tool call: {"name": "get_order_details", "arguments": "{\"order_id\": \"#W3043531\"}"}
ENVIRONMENT:
Tool result: {"order_id": "#W3043531", "user_id": "james_martin_1500", "address": {"address1": "153 Cedar Street", "address2": "Suite 769", "city": "San Diego", "country": "USA", "state": "CA", "zip": "92112"}, "items": [{"name": "T-Shirt", "product_id": "9523456873", "item_id": "9354168549", "price": 46.85, "options": {"color": "red", "size": "XXL", "material": "cotton", "style": "crew neck"}}, {"name": "Smart Thermostat", "product_id": "4896585277", "item_id": "6243148452", "price": 247.0, "options": {"compatibility": "Amazon Alexa", "color": "stainless steel"}}, {"name": "Wristwatch", "product_id": "6066914160", "item_id": "2226219750", "price": 2009.03, "options": {"strap material": "silicone", "dial color": "white"}}, {"name": "Garden Hose", "product_id": "6679515468", "item_id": "1518544029", "price": 95.39, "options": {"length": "100ft", "material": "rubber", "color": "black"}}, {"name": "Backpack", "product_id": "2524789262", "item_id": "9851293632", "price": 193.38, "options": {"color": "green", "size": "small", "material": "polyester", "compartment": "camera"}}], "fulfillments": [], "status": "pending", "payment_history": [{"transaction_type": "payment", "amount": 2591.65, "payment_method_id": "paypal_6661566"}]}
AGENT:
I found your pending order with the following details:
**Order ID:** #W3043531
**Order Status:** Pending
**Items:**
1. T-Shirt - $46.85 (Color: Red, Size: XXL)
2. Smart Thermostat - $247.00 (Compatibility: Amazon Alexa, Color: Stainless Steel)
3. Wristwatch - $2009.03 (Strap Material: Silicone, Dial Color: White)
4. Garden Hose - $95.39 (Length: 100ft, Material: Rubber, Color: Black)
5. Backpack - $193.38 (Color: Green, Size: Small, Material: Polyester)
To cancel this order, I need you to confirm the order ID (#W3043531) and choose a reason for cancellation: either "no longer needed" or "ordered by mistake." Please confirm to proceed.
ENVIRONMENT:
I would like to cancel order #W3529525. The reason for cancellation is that it is no longer needed.
AGENT:
Tool call: {"arguments": {"order_id": "#W3529525"}, "id": "call_1xtbNLwUCE141yqTPE0ZpvUV", "name": "get_order_details"}
Discussion
Task Complexity
Our above results suggest that the performance improvement of MIPRO-optimized system prompts diminishes as task complexity increases.
We can see that the system prompts for more complex tasks (HoVer, BabyAI GoToSeqPickUp, τ-bench Retail) are much longer than for less complex tasks (NER, BabyAI GoTo, BabyAI PickUp) by comparing the example optimized system prompts above. This is reflected in the input token count histograms for the MIPRO optimized functions below. The histogram bars for each environment are stacked. The proportion for each environment at a given bin corresponds to the height of its colored segment.
The increase in prompt length is primarily due to the demonstrations: either because the average number of turns in a successful episode increases (BabyAI PickUpSeqGoTo) or because environment observations and agent actions are more verbose (HoVer and τ-bench Retail).
This observation motivates our experimentation with a larger model (GPT-4o instead of GPT-4o Mini) with larger context capacity for the τ-bench Retail environment. The results suggests that larger models benefit more from MIPRO optimization in complex settings. Further experimentation is required to verify this claim.
Filtering Demonstrations with Feedback
Developers of real-world applications may not have access to ground-truth demonstrations and instead need to rely on semi-synthetic demonstrations using model predictions instead of ground-truth labels.
Unsurprisingly, the quality of the feedback materially affects the quality of the MIPRO optimization process. But at the same time, we still see meaningful improvements from noisy feedback, including AI-generated feedback.
We run our experiments assuming access to high-quality feedback metrics, like Jaccard similarity or exact match scores for NER and task success in BabyAI or τ-bench. We use these metrics to filter the semi-synthetic demonstrations from which we sample candidate demonstration sets. In the NER task, we observe that the quality of the semi-synthetic examples can significantly affect the quality of solutions found by the MIPRO algorithm.
This chart shows that filtering the set of demonstrations based on the Exact Match indicator or a stringent value of the Jaccard Similarity score leads to the best overall performance. However, including lower-quality demonstrations by lowering the Jaccard Similarity threshold to 0.5 significantly reduces the optimized system prompt performance.
LLM as a Judge
Assessing the quality of semi-synthetic demonstrations is hard in general. Using an LLM as a Judge is an increasingly popular paradigm to address this challenge. We quickly experiment with a general-purpose LLM Judge to assess the quality of semi-synthetic demonstrations.
LLM Judge Prompt Template
You are an expert evaluator tasked with assessing the performance of an LLM agent based on a provided chat completion history between the agent and its environment. Your objective is to assign a numerical score, represented as a float between 0 and 1, reflecting the effectiveness, accuracy, and efficiency of the agent's performance.
## Chat Completion History
Review the following chat completion history carefully. Note that the initial "SYSTEM:" message clearly defines the task the LLM agent was expected to perform. The "SYSTEM:" message is followed by a sequence of "ENVIRONMENT:" and "AGENT:" messages.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
{{ chat_history }}
-------------------------------------------------------------------
## Scoring Criteria:
- **Score = 0**: The LLM agent failed entirely to accomplish the assigned task, misunderstood it, or completed an incorrect task.
- **Score = 1**: The LLM agent fully accomplished the assigned task accurately, optimally, and efficiently, with no errors, inefficiencies, or unnecessary actions.
- **0 < Score < 1**: The LLM agent accomplished the assigned task but demonstrated inefficiencies, inaccuracies, undesirable behaviors, or unnecessary actions. Scores closer to 1 indicate minor issues, whereas scores closer to 0 indicate significant problems. If the agent's decisions appear uncertain or questionable, lower the score accordingly. Clearly identify and explain any inefficiencies or suboptimal decisions in your evaluation.
## Evaluation Instructions:
Provide a step-by-step rationale for your assessment, clearly outlining your reasoning about the agent's performance. Present your final score in the following JSON format:
{
"thought": ,
"score":
}
Ensure your thought process explicitly highlights key factors influencing your scoring decision.
Expanding the following block shows how the LLM Judge receives a specific demonstration (with the system instruction).
Example LLM Judge Prompt
You are an expert evaluator tasked with assessing the performance of an LLM agent based on a provided chat completion history between the agent and its environment. Your objective is to assign a numerical score, represented as a float between 0 and 1, reflecting the effectiveness, accuracy, and efficiency of the agent's performance.
## Chat Completion History
Review the following chat completion history carefully. Note that the initial "SYSTEM:" message clearly defines the task the LLM agent was expected to perform. The "SYSTEM:" message is followed by a sequence of "ENVIRONMENT:" and "AGENT:" messages.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
SYSTEM:
You are an assistant that is performing a named entity recognition task.
Your job is to extract entities from a given text.
The entities you are extracting are:
- people
- organizations
- locations
- miscellaneous other entities
Please return the entities in the following JSON format:
{
"person": ["person1", "person2", ...],
"organization": ["organization1", "organization2", ...],
"location": ["location1", "location2", ...],
"miscellaneous": ["miscellaneous1", "miscellaneous2", ...]
}
ENVIRONMENT:
TENNIS - EDBERG EXTENDS GRAND SLAM RUN , TOPPLES WIMBLEDON CHAMP .
AGENT:
{
"person": ["EDBERG"],
"organization": ["WIMBLEDON"],
"location": [],
"miscellaneous": ["GRAND SLAM"]
}
-------------------------------------------------------------------
## Scoring Criteria:
- **Score = 0**: The LLM agent failed entirely to accomplish the assigned task, misunderstood it, or completed an incorrect task.
- **Score = 1**: The LLM agent fully accomplished the assigned task accurately, optimally, and efficiently, with no errors, inefficiencies, or unnecessary actions.
- **0 < Score < 1**: The LLM agent accomplished the assigned task but demonstrated inefficiencies, inaccuracies, undesirable behaviors, or unnecessary actions. Scores closer to 1 indicate minor issues, whereas scores closer to 0 indicate significant problems. If the agent's decisions appear uncertain or questionable, lower the score accordingly. Clearly identify and explain any inefficiencies or suboptimal decisions in your evaluation.
## Evaluation Instructions:
Provide a step-by-step rationale for your assessment, clearly outlining your reasoning about the agent's performance. Present your final score in the following JSON format:
{
"thought": ,
"score":
}
Ensure your thought process explicitly highlights key factors influencing your scoring decision.
We observe that the results are competitive with using ground-truth metrics when using GPT-4o Mini as the judge model and thresholding its score prediction at 0.9. However, it is unclear whether these results reliably generalize as we did not observe promising initial results in the multi-turn setting. Moreover, in the following chart reveals a counterintuitive result: more powerful judge models (GPT-4o or o3-mini) result in significantly worse NER performance.
We are asking a lot of the LLM Judge by prompting it to score a demonstration without reference to other demonstrations. Prompting it to rank sets of demonstrations or adding proxy performance metrics to the context are more principled approaches. We leave these exploring these ideas in these settings to future work.
Generating Diverse and Creative System Instructions
Recent work from Anthropic demonstrates that thoughtful, creative modifications to system instructions can yield substantial performance gains for complex, multi-turn τ-bench environments. Our results align with these findings, though they highlight differences between automated and (presumably) human-crafted system prompt optimization.
While automated prompt engineering via MIPRO provides clear performance benefits in simpler environments (e.g. NER and BabyAI GoTo tasks), it did not achieve comparable improvements in the more complex setting (e.g. τ-bench Retail).
Anthropic’s optimized system prompt leveraged sophisticated instructions that creatively utilized available agent tools, resulting in substantial performance improvements. In contrast, even though our τ-bench Retail agent had explicit access to the “think” tool (a standard capability provided by τ-bench), the instructions generated by OpenAI’s o1 model lacked the creativity observed in Anthropic’s system prompt. This observation suggests two insights: First, significant room for improvement remains in how automated systems generate diverse and creatively structured prompts. Second, explicitly informing the instruction-generation model of available agent tools and their capabilities may enhance the quality and innovativeness of automatically generated instructions.
An interesting experiment to explore this hypothesis would see the candidate instruction-generation model receive a list and descriptions of all available tools. By constraining optimization solely to instructions (excluding demonstrations) and leveraging richer context about the LLM agent’s affordances, we could investigate if the automated system can independently discover creative, high-performance prompts comparable to those identified by Anthropic. Such an experiment could help clarify whether automated approaches could match—or potentially exceed—the creativity and effectiveness of expert-crafted instructions.
Conclusion
Our results show that MIPRO can significantly improve performance in simpler tasks — like NER or single-goal navigation. But as task complexity grows, the benefits start to diminish. In some cases, scaling up the model (e.g. GPT-4o vs GPT-4o Mini) helps, but is unclear if scaling-up is all we need (or even desired).
We also found that demonstration quality and prompt creativity matter a lot. More complex tasks demand better filtering, richer context, and perhaps more structured ways of informing models about available tools and task affordances. There’s clear potential for automated prompting to match or even surpass human-crafted instructions — but there is a lot of work left to be done.
Code to replicate these experiments is available through LLM Gym.
References
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Optimizing Instructions and Demonstrations for Multi-Stage Language Model Programs Krista Opsahl-Ong, Michael J. Ryan, Josh Purtell, David Broman, Christopher Potts, Matei Zaharia, and Omar Khattab. (2024). arXiv preprint.
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Algorithms for Hyper-parameter Optimization James Bergstra, Rémi Bardenet, and Yoshua Bengio, and Balázs Kégl. (2011). In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), vol. 24. Conference Paper.
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CrossWeigh: Training Named Entity Tagger from Imperfect Annotations Zihan Wang, Jingbo Shang, Liyuan Liu, Lihao Lu, Jiacheng Liu, and Jiawei Han. (2019). In Proceedings of EMNLP-IJCNLP 2019, vol. 1, pp. 5157–5166. Conference Paper.
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HoVer: A Dataset for Many-Hop Fact Extraction And Claim Verification Yichen Jiang, Shikha Bordia, Zheng Zhong, Charles Dognin, Maneesh Singh, and Mohit Bansal. (2020). In Proceedings of EMNLP 2020. Conference Paper.
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BabyAI: A Platform to Study the Sample Efficiency of Grounded Language Learning Maxime Chevalier-Boisvert, Dzmitry Bahdanau, Salem Lahlou, Lucas Willems, Chitwan Saharia, Thien Huu Nguyen, and Yoshua Bengio. (2019). In International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR). Conference Paper.
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Balrog: Benchmarking Agentic LLM and VLM Reasoning on Games Davide Paglieri, Bartłomiej Cupiał, Samuel Coward, Ulyana Piterbarg, Maciej Wolczyk, Akbir Khan, Eduardo Pignatelli, Łukasz Kuciński, Lerrel Pinto, Rob Fergus, et al. (2024). arXiv preprint.
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τ-bench: A Benchmark for Tool-Agent-User Interaction in Real-World Domains Shunyu Yao, Noah Shinn, Pedram Razavi, and Karthik Narasimhan. (2024). arXiv preprint.
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Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arena Lianmin Zheng, Wei-Lin Chiang, Ying Sheng, Siyuan Zhuang, Zhanghao Wu, Yonghao Zhuang, Zi Lin, Zhuohan Li, Dacheng Li, Eric Xing, et al. (2023). In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), vol. 36. Conference Paper.
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Optuna: A Next-Generation Hyperparameter Optimization Framework Takuya Akiba, Shotaro Sano, Toshihiko Yanase, Takeru Ohta, and Masanori Koyama. (2019) In The 25th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. Conference Paper.
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GNU Parallel 20250222 (‘Grete Tange’) Ole Tange. (2025). GNU Parallel: A general parallelizer for command-line programs. Zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.14911163.
This exploration was enabled by TensorZero, our open-source framework for building production-grade LLM applications.
TensorZero creates a feedback loop for optimizing LLM applications — turning production data into smarter, faster, and cheaper models. Under the hood, TensorZero enables a learning flywheel by unifying inference, observability, optimization (prompts, models, inference strategies — including MIPRO), evaluations, and experimentation.
With TensorZero, you can try this method (and many others) on the problems, data, and metrics that matter to you!